vault backup: 2024-08-08 11:48:35

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2024-08-08 11:48:35 -05:00
parent 26716c703a
commit 59d0938651
489 changed files with 12190 additions and 26 deletions

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#academic-desk #subscriptions #salesforce
[[2024-08-08 (Thursday)]]
Luke and Josh are talking about AcademicDesk housing academic subscriptions data. This is news to me. Is the Academic team planning on their own subscriptions engine?
- [ ] Verify that this is _not_ the case and that they are using vanilla subscriptions API engine stuff
Luke showed me what he's working on Salesforce:
- A group account will have a License info tab that shows:
- Subscriptions for the group with, supposedly, information that comes from AcademicDesk: number of seats, the type of subscription (various checkboxes), etc
- The claimed licenses: this is simply a list of SF person accounts tied to the SF group account that have a subscription where the Group ID on the subscription ist he same as the Faithlife Group ID of the SF group account
Request from Justin Ullestad: https://docs.google.com/document/d/14WEYQO0QW7PuIu1re2p2kh5X0KJz_zv4o3e-NBQwRX8/edit?usp=sharing
For this to work, it looks like we need:
- [ ] Are group subscriptions integrating to Salesforce?
- [ ] If so, is the group ID being populated on subscriptions?
- [ ]

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#replatform #celigo #builderio #algolia #vercel #nextjs #bigcommerce
Re-platforming efforts: Re-platforming efforts:
1. Algolia to replace in-house elastic search implementation 1. Algolia to replace in-house elastic search implementation
2. Builder.io to replace in-house built ContentAdmin CMS 2. Builder.io to replace in-house built ContentAdmin CMS

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> [!caution] This page contained a drawing which was not converted.
Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ,
to the chosen
who are residing temporarily
in the dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia,
according to the foreknowledge of God the Father,
by the sanctification of the Spirit,
for obedience and
for sprinkling with the blood of Jesus Christ.
May grace and peace be multiplied to you.
Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ,
who
according to his great mercy
has caused us to be born again
to a living hope
through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead,
into an inheritance
imperishable and
undefiled and
unfading,
reserved in heaven for you
who
are being protected by the power of God
through faith
for a salvation ready to be revealed in the last time,
in which you rejoice greatly, although now for a short time, if necessary, you are distressed by various trials,
so that the genuineness of your faith,
more valuable than gold
that is passing away, but is tested by fire,
may be found to result in praise and glory and honor at the revelation of Jesus Christ,
whom,
although you have not seen,
you love;
in whom now you believe,
although you do not see him,
and you rejoice greatly
with joy inexpressible and
full of glory,
obtaining the goal of your faith, the salvation of your souls.
Concerning this salvation, the prophets
who
prophesied about the grace meant for you
sought and made careful inquiry, investigating
for what person or
which time
the Spirit of Christ in them was indicating
when he testified beforehand
to the sufferings with reference to Christ and
the glories after these things,
to whom it was revealed
that they were serving not themselves
but you
with reference to the same things
which now have been announced to you
through those who proclaimed the gospel
to you by the Holy Spirit sent from heaven,
things into which angels desire to look.
Therefore,
when you have prepared your minds for action
by being self-controlled,
put your hope completely in the grace that will be brought to you at the revelation of Jesus Christ.
As obedient children,
do not be conformed to the former desires you used to conform to in your ignorance,
but
as the one who called you is holy,
you yourselves be holy in all your conduct, for it is written, “You will be holy, because I am holy.”
And
if you call on him as Father who judges impartially according to each ones work,
conduct yourselves with fear during the time of your temporary residence,
because you know that
you were redeemed from your futile way of life inherited from your ancestors
not with perishable things like silver or gold,
but with the precious blood of Christ,
like that of an unblemished and spotless lamb
who was foreknown before the foundation of the world,
but has been revealed in these last times for you
who
through him are believing in God,
who
raised him from the dead and
gave him glory,
so that your faith and hope are in God.
Having purified your souls by your obedience to the truth for sincere brotherly love,
love one another fervently from the heart,
because you have been born again,
not from perishable seed
but imperishable,
through the living and enduring word of God.
For “all flesh is like grass, and all its glory like the flower of the grass. The grass withers and the flower falls off, but the word of the Lord endures forever.”
And this is the word that has been proclaimed to you.
Therefore,
ridding yourselves of
all malice and
all deceit and
hypocrisy and
envy and
all slander,
like newborn infants
long for the unadulterated spiritual milk,
so that by it you may grow up to salvation,
if you have tasted that the Lord is kind,
to whom you are drawing near,
a living stone rejected by men
but
chosen and
precious in the sight of God.
And you yourselves, as living stones, are being built up as a spiritual house
for a holy priesthood,
to offer up spiritual sacrifices
acceptable to God through Jesus Christ.
For it stands in scripture, “Behold, I am laying in Zion a stone, a chosen and precious cornerstone, and the one who believes in him will never be put to shame.” Therefore the honor is for you who believe,
but for those who refuse to believe, “The stone that the builders rejected, this one has become the cornerstone,” and “A stone of stumbling and a rock of offense,” who stumble because they disobey the word to which also they were consigned.
But you are
a chosen race,
a royal priesthood,
a holy nation,
a people for Gods possession,
so that you
may proclaim the virtues of the one who called you
out of darkness
into his marvelous light,
who
once were not a people,
but now are the people of God,
the ones who were not shown mercy,
but now are shown mercy.
Dear friends, I urge you as foreigners and temporary residents to abstain from fleshly desires which wage war against your soul, maintaining your good conduct among the Gentiles, so that in the things in which they slander you as evildoers, by seeing your good deeds they may glorify God on the day of visitation.
Subject yourselves to every human authority for the sake of the Lord, whether to a king as having supreme authority, or to governors as those sent out by him for the punishment of those who do evil and the praise of those who do good. For the will of God is as follows: by doing good to silence the ignorance of foolish people.
Live as free persons, and not using your freedom as a covering for evil, but as slaves of God. Honor all people, love the community of believers, fear God, honor the king.
Domestic slaves, be subject to your masters with all respect, not only to those who are good and gentle, but also to those who are unjust. For this finds favor, if because of consciousness of God someone endures sorrows while suffering unjustly. For what credit is it if, when you sin and are beaten for it, you endure? But if you endure when you do good and suffer for it, this finds favor with God. For to this you were called, because Christ also suffered for you, leaving you an example, so that you should follow in his footsteps, who did not commit sin, nor was deceit found in his mouth, who when he was reviled, did not revile in return; when suffering, he did not threaten, but entrusted himself to the one who judges justly, who himself bore our sins in his body on the tree, so that we may die to sins and live to righteousness, by whose wounds you were healed. For you were going astray like sheep, but you have turned back now to the shepherd and guardian of your souls.
In the same way, wives, be subject to your own husbands, so that even if some are disobedient to the word, they may be won over without a word by the conduct of their wives, when they see your respectful, pure conduct. Let your adornment not be the external kind, braiding hair and putting on gold jewelry or putting on fine clothing, but the hidden person of the heart, with the imperishable quality of a gentle and quiet spirit, which is highly valuable in the sight of God. For in the same way formerly the holy women also, who hoped in God, used to adorn themselves by being subject to their own husbands, like Sarah obeyed Abraham, calling him lord, whose children you have become when you do good and are not frightened with respect to any terror.
Husbands, in the same way live with your wives knowledgeably, as with the weaker female vessel, showing them honor as fellow heirs also of the grace of life, so that your prayers will not be hindered.
And finally, all of you be harmonious, sympathetic, showing mutual affection, compassionate, humble, not repaying evil for evil or insult for insult, but on the other hand blessing others, because for this reason you were called, so that you could inherit a blessing. For “The one who wants to love life and see good days must keep his tongue from evil and his lips must not speak deceit. And he must turn away from evil and do good; he must seek peace and pursue it. For the eyes of the Lord are on the righteous, and his ears are open to their prayer. But the face of the Lord is against those who do evil.
And who is the one who will harm you if you are a zealous adherent for what is good? But even if you might suffer for the sake of righteousness, you are blessed. And do not be afraid of their intimidation or be disturbed, but set Christ apart as Lord in your hearts, always ready to make a defense to anyone who asks you for an accounting concerning the hope that is in you. But do so with courtesy and respect, having a good conscience, so that in the things in which you are slandered, the ones who malign your good conduct in Christ may be put to shame.
For it is better to suffer for doing good, if God wills it, than for doing evil. For Christ also suffered once for sins, the just for the unjust, in order that he could bring you to God, being put to death in the flesh, but made alive in the spirit, in which also he went and proclaimed to the spirits in prison, who were formerly disobedient, when the patience of God waited in the days of Noah, while an ark was being constructed, in which a few—that is, eight souls—were rescued through water. And also, corresponding to this, baptism now saves you, not the removal of dirt from the flesh, but an appeal to God for a good conscience through the resurrection of Jesus Christ, who is at the right hand of God, having gone into heaven, with angels and authorities and powers having been subjected to him. Therefore, because Christ suffered in the flesh, you also equip yourselves with the same way of thinking, because the one who has suffered in the flesh has ceased from sin, in order to live the remaining time in the flesh no longer for human desires, but for the will of God. For the time that has passed was sufficient to do what the Gentiles desire to do, having lived in licentiousness, evil desires, drunkenness, carousing, drinking parties, and wanton idolatries, with respect to which they are surprised when you do not run with them into the same flood of dissipation, and so they revile you. They will give an account to the one who is ready to judge the living and the dead. Because for this reason also the gospel was preached to those who are dead, so that they were judged by human standards in the flesh, but they may live in the spirit by Gods standards. Now the end of all things draws near. Therefore be self-controlled and sober-minded for your prayers. Above all, keep your love for one another constant, because love covers a large number of sins. Be hospitable to one another without complaining. Just as each one has received a gift, use it for serving one another, as good stewards of the varied grace of God. If anyone speaks, let it be as the oracles of God; if anyone serves, let it be as by the strength that God provides, so that in all things God will be glorified through Jesus Christ, to whom is the glory and the power forever and ever. Amen. Dear friends, do not be surprised at the fiery ordeal among you, when it takes place to test you, as if something strange were happening to you. But to the degree that you share in the sufferings of Christ, rejoice, so that also at the revelation of his glory you may rejoice and be glad. If you are reviled on account of the name of Christ, you are blessed, because the Spirit of glory and of God rests on you. By all means do not let anyone of you suffer as a murderer or a thief or an evildoer or as a meddler. But if someone suffers as a Christian, he must not be ashamed, but must glorify God with this name. For it is the time for the judgment to begin out from the household of God. But if it begins out from us first, what will be the outcome for those who are disobedient to the gospel of God? And if the righteous are saved with difficulty, what will become of the ungodly and the sinner? So then also those who suffer according to the will of God must entrust their souls to a faithful Creator in doing good. Therefore I, your fellow elder and a witness of the sufferings of Christ, and also a sharer of the glory that is going to be revealed, exhort the elders among you: shepherd the flock of God among you, exercising oversight not by compulsion but willingly, in accordance with God, and not greedily but eagerly, and not as lording it over those under your care, but being examples for the flock. And when the chief Shepherd appears, you will receive the unfading crown of glory. In the same way, younger men, be subject to the elders, and all of you clothe yourselves with humility toward one another, because God opposes the proud, but gives grace to the humble. Humble yourselves therefore under the mighty hand of God, so that he may exalt you at the right time, casting all your cares on him, because he cares for you. Be sober; be on the alert. Your adversary the devil walks around like a roaring lion, looking for someone to devour. Resist him, steadfast in your faith, because you know the same kinds of sufferings are being accomplished by your community of believers in the world. And the God of all grace, who called you to his eternal glory in Christ, after you have suffered for a short time, will himself restore, confirm, strengthen, and establish you. To him be the power forever and ever. Amen. Through Silvanus, the faithful brother (as I consider him), I have written to you briefly to encourage you and to attest that this is the true grace of God. Stand firm in it. She who is in Babylon, chosen the same as you, greets you, and so does my son Mark. Greet one another with a loving kiss. Peace to all of you who are in Christ.

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Theme: The true grace of God (1 Peter 5:12)
God's true grace is revealed in salvation, submission, suffering and humility.
1. **Greeting (1:1-2)**
1. From Peter (1:1a)_1 Peter, an apostle of Jesus Christ,_
2. To the dispersed chose (1:1b)_To those who are elect exiles of the Dispersion in Pontus, Galatia, Cappadocia, Asia, and Bithynia,_
3. Comfort and purpose (1:2a)
1. God had foreknowledge of their dispersion_2 according to the foreknowledge of God the Father,_
2. It has purpose
1. Sanctification in the Spirit_in the sanctification of the Spirit,_
2. Practicing obedience_for obedience to Jesus Christ_
3. Sprinkling of the blood of Christ (evangelism)_and for sprinkling with his blood:_
4. Blessing (1:2b)
_May grace and peace be multiplied to you._
2. **True grace revealed in salvation (1:3-2:10)**
1. The role of the godhead (1:3-12)
1. The Father secures our salvation (1:3-5)_3 Blessed be the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ! According to his great mercy, he has caused us to be born again to a living hope through the resurrection of Jesus Christ from the dead, 4 to an inheritance that is imperishable, undefiled, and unfading, kept in heaven for you, 5 who by Gods power are being guarded through faith for a salvation ready to be revealed in the last time._
2. The Son validates our salvation (1:6-9)_6 In this you rejoice, though now for a little while, if necessary, you have been grieved by various trials, 7 so that the tested genuineness of your faith—more precious than gold that perishes though it is tested by fire—may be found to result in praise and glory and honor at the revelation of Jesus Christ. 8 Though you have not seen him, you love him. Though you do not now see him, you believe in him and rejoice with joy that is inexpressible and filled with glory, 9 obtaining the outcome of your faith, the salvation of your souls._
3. The Spirit reveals our salvation (1:10-12)
_10 Concerning this salvation, the prophets who prophesied about the grace that was to be yours searched and inquired carefully, 11 inquiring what person or time the Spirit of Christ in them was indicating when he predicted the sufferings of Christ and the subsequent glories. 12 It was revealed to them that they were serving not themselves but you, in the things that have now been announced to you through those who preached the good news to you by the Holy Spirit sent from heaven, things into which angels long to look._
2. The response of the believer (1:13-2:10)
1. We set our hope on the grace (1:13)_13 Therefore, preparing your minds for action, and being sober-minded, set your hope fully on the grace that will be brought to you at the revelation of Jesus Christ._
2. We pursue holiness (1:14-16)_14 As obedient children, do not be conformed to the passions of your former ignorance, 15 but as he who called you is holy, you also be holy in all your conduct, 16 since it is written, “You shall be holy, for I am holy.”_
3. We conduct ourselves with fear (1:17-21)
_17 And if you call on him as Father who judges impartially according to each ones deeds, conduct yourselves with fear throughout the time of your exile, 18 knowing that you were ransomed from the futile ways inherited from your forefathers, not with perishable things such as silver or gold, 19 but with the precious blood of Christ, like that of a lamb without blemish or spot. 20 He was foreknown before the foundation of the world but was made manifest in the last times for the sake of you 21 who through him are believers in God, who raised him from the dead and gave him glory, so that your faith and hope are in God._
5. We love one another earnestly (1:22-2:1)
_22 Having purified your souls by your obedience to the truth for a sincere brotherly love, love one another earnestly from a pure heart, 23 since you have been born again, not of perishable seed but of imperishable, through the living and abiding word of God; 24 for_
_“All flesh is like grass_
_and all its glory like the flower of grass._
_The grass withers,_
_and the flower falls,_
_25  but the word of the Lord remains forever.”_
_And this word is the good news that was preached to you._ ___2 So put away all malice and all deceit and hypocrisy and envy and all slander._
7. We long to grow (2:2-3)_2 Like newborn infants, long for the pure spiritual milk, that by it you may grow up into salvation— 3 if indeed you have tasted that the Lord is good._
3. The result of the roles fulfilled: a spiritual house (2:4-8)
_4 As you come to him, a living stone rejected by men but in the sight of God chosen and precious, 5 you yourselves like living stones are being built up as a spiritual house, to be a holy priesthood, to offer spiritual sacrifices acceptable to God through Jesus Christ. 6 For it stands in Scripture:_
_“Behold, I am laying in Zion a stone,_
_a cornerstone chosen and precious,_
_and whoever believes in him will not be put to shame.”_
_7 So the honor is for you who believe, but for those who do not believe,_
_“The stone that the builders rejected_
_has become the cornerstone,”_
_8 and_
_“A stone of stumbling,_
_and a rock of offense.”_
_They stumble because they disobey the word, as they were destined to do._
5. The true grace of God revealed in salvation: we work together to accomplish God's purpose (2:9-10)
_9 But you are a chosen race, a royal priesthood, a holy nation, a people for his own possession, that you may proclaim the excellencies of him who called you out of darkness into his marvelous light. 10 Once you were not a people, but now you are Gods people; once you had not received mercy, but now you have received mercy._
3. **Transition: the reality of how God has situated us (2:11-12)******How do we live as the household of God among a world of unbelievers? How can we succeed? We can be strengthened by seeing the reality of how God has situated us. He's given us a source of strong relationships (the church) to encourage one another. He's given us the correct view of our residence here on earth--we have a citizenship in heaven, though we are to live here and thrive here. He's revealed to us our true enemy: our own weak flesh, the primary culprit when we sin. He's turned the tables so that our power is to influence the world around us by doing good, not the other way around. These verses seem to serve as a bridge between what Peter has said and what he is about to say. Knowing what God has done for us and who we are as believers, now he will address, in depth, two major categories of struggle for believers when living in the world: submission and suffering.
1. Our relationships (loving, close)_11 Beloved, I urge you_
2. Our residence (not belonging, but living)_as sojourners and exiles_
3. Our enemy (primarily our own flesh)_to abstain from the passions of the flesh, which wage war against your soul._
4. Our influence (we influence the world, the world shouldn't influence us)_12 Keep your conduct among the Gentiles honorable, so that when they speak against you as evildoers, they may see your good deeds and glorify God on the day of visitation._
4. **True grace revealed in submission (2:13-3:12)**
1. Submission as citizens (2:13-17)_13 Be subject for the Lords sake to every human institution, whether it be to the emperor as supreme, 14 or to governors as sent by him to punish those who do evil and to praise those who do good. 15 For this is the will of God, that by doing good you should put to silence the ignorance of foolish people. 16 Live as people who are free, not using your freedom as a cover-up for evil, but living as servants of God. 17 Honor everyone. Love the brotherhood. Fear God. Honor the emperor._
2. Submission as servants (2:18-25)_18 Servants, be subject to your masters with all respect, not only to the good and gentle but also to the unjust. 19 For this is a gracious thing, when, mindful of God, one endures sorrows while suffering unjustly. 20 For what credit is it if, when you sin and are beaten for it, you endure? But if when you do good and suffer for it you endure, this is a gracious thing in the sight of God. 21 For to this you have been called, because Christ also suffered for you, leaving you an example, so that you might follow in his steps. 22 He committed no sin, neither was deceit found in his mouth. 23 When he was reviled, he did not revile in return; when he suffered, he did not threaten, but continued entrusting himself to him who judges justly. 24 He himself bore our sins in his body on the tree, that we might die to sin and live to righteousness. By his wounds you have been healed. 25 For you were straying like sheep, but have now returned to the Shepherd and Overseer of your souls._
3. Submission as married ones (3:1-7)
1. As wives (3:1-6)_3 Likewise, wives, be subject to your own husbands, so that even if some do not obey the word, they may be won without a word by the conduct of their wives, 2 when they see your respectful and pure conduct. 3 Do not let your adorning be external—the braiding of hair and the putting on of gold jewelry, or the clothing you wear— 4 but let your adorning be the hidden person of the heart with the imperishable beauty of a gentle and quiet spirit, which in Gods sight is very precious. 5 For this is how the holy women who hoped in God used to adorn themselves, by submitting to their own husbands, 6 as Sarah obeyed Abraham, calling him lord. And you are her children, if you do good and do not fear anything that is frightening._
2. As husbands (3:7)_7 Likewise, husbands, live with your wives in an understanding way, showing honor to the woman as the weaker vessel, since they are heirs with you of the grace of life, so that your prayers may not be hindered._
4. Submission to each other (3:8-12)
_8 Finally, all of you, have unity of mind, sympathy, brotherly love, a tender heart, and a humble mind. 9 Do not repay evil for evil or reviling for reviling, but on the contrary, bless, for to this you were called, that you may obtain a blessing. 10 For_
_“Whoever desires to love life_
_and see good days,_
_let him keep his tongue from evil_
_and his lips from speaking deceit;_
_11  let him turn away from evil and do good;_
_let him seek peace and pursue it._
_12  For the eyes of the Lord are on the righteous,_
_and his ears are open to their prayer._
_But the face of the Lord is against those who do evil.”_
5. **True grace revealed in suffering (3:13-4:19)**
1. Suffer for good, not evil (3:13-22)
_13 Now who is there to harm you if you are zealous for what is good? 14 But even if you should suffer for righteousness sake, you will be blessed. Have no fear of them, nor be troubled, 15 but in your hearts honor Christ the Lord as holy, always being prepared to make a defense to anyone who asks you for a reason for the hope that is in you; yet do it with gentleness and respect, 16 having a good conscience, so that, when you are slandered, those who revile your good behavior in Christ may be put to shame. 17 For it is better to suffer for doing good, if that should be Gods will, than for doing evil._
_18 For Christ also suffered once for sins, the righteous for the unrighteous, that he might bring us to God, being put to death in the flesh but made alive in the spirit, 19 in which he went and proclaimed to the spirits in prison, 20 because they formerly did not obey, when Gods patience waited in the days of Noah, while the ark was being prepared, in which a few, that is, eight persons, were brought safely through water. 21 Baptism, which corresponds to this, now saves you, not as a removal of dirt from the body but as an appeal to God for a good conscience, through the resurrection of Jesus Christ, 22 who has gone into heaven and is at the right hand of God, with angels, authorities, and powers having been subjected to him._
3. Purpose to suffer (4:1-11)
_4 Since therefore Christ suffered in the flesh, arm yourselves with the same way of thinking, for whoever has suffered in the flesh has ceased from sin, 2 so as to live for the rest of the time in the flesh no longer for human passions but for the will of God. 3 For the time that is past suffices for doing what the Gentiles want to do, living in sensuality, passions, drunkenness, orgies, drinking parties, and lawless idolatry. 4 With respect to this they are surprised when you do not join them in the same flood of debauchery, and they malign you; 5 but they will give account to him who is ready to judge the living and the dead. 6 For this is why the gospel was preached even to those who are dead, that though judged in the flesh the way people are, they might live in the spirit the way God does._
_7 The end of all things is at hand; therefore be self-controlled and sober-minded for the sake of your prayers. 8 Above all, keep loving one another earnestly, since love covers a multitude of sins. 9 Show hospitality to one another without grumbling. 10 As each has received a gift, use it to serve one another, as good stewards of Gods varied grace: 11 whoever speaks, as one who speaks oracles of God; whoever serves, as one who serves by the strength that God supplies—in order that in everything God may be glorified through Jesus Christ. To him belong glory and dominion forever and ever. Amen._
5. Summary (4:12-19)
1. Expect trials, it is testing (4:12)_12 Beloved, do not be surprised at the fiery trial when it comes upon you to test you, as though something strange were happening to you._
2. Rejoice in suffering (4:13)_13 But rejoice insofar as you share Christs sufferings, that you may also rejoice and be glad when his glory is revealed._
3. If you are reviled, you are blessed (4:14)_14 If you are insulted for the name of Christ, you are blessed, because the Spirit of glory and of God rests upon you._
4. Suffer as a Christian, not an evil doer (4:15-16)_15 But let none of you suffer as a murderer or a thief or an evildoer or as a meddler. 16 Yet if anyone suffers as a Christian, let him not be ashamed, but let him glorify God in that name._
5. Judgement is coming (4:17-18)
_17 For it is time for judgment to begin at the household of God; and if it begins with us, what will be the outcome for those who do not obey the gospel of God? 18 And_
_“If the righteous is scarcely saved,_
_what will become of the ungodly and the sinner?”_
6. Trust your faithful creator (4:19)_19 Therefore let those who suffer according to Gods will entrust their souls to a faithful Creator while doing good._
6. **True grace revealed in humility (5:1-11)**
1. As elders (5:1-4)_5 So I exhort the elders among you, as a fellow elder and a witness of the sufferings of Christ, as well as a partaker in the glory that is going to be revealed: 2 shepherd the flock of God that is among you, exercising oversight, not under compulsion, but willingly, as God would have you; not for shameful gain, but eagerly; 3 not domineering over those in your charge, but being examples to the flock. 4 And when the chief Shepherd appears, you will receive the unfading crown of glory._
2. As young men (5:5)_5 Likewise, you who are younger, be subject to the elders. Clothe yourselves, all of you, with humility toward one another, for “God opposes the proud but gives grace to the humble.”_
3. As anyone (5:6-11)_6 Humble yourselves, therefore, under the mighty hand of God so that at the proper time he may exalt you, 7 casting all your anxieties on him, because he cares for you. 8 Be sober-minded; be watchful. Your adversary the devil prowls around like a roaring lion, seeking someone to devour. 9 Resist him, firm in your faith, knowing that the same kinds of suffering are being experienced by your brotherhood throughout the world. 10 And after you have suffered a little while, the God of all grace, who has called you to his eternal glory in Christ, will himself restore, confirm, strengthen, and establish you. 11 To him be the dominion forever and ever. Amen._
7. **Farewell (5:12-14)**
_12 By Silvanus, a faithful brother as I regard him, I have written briefly to you, exhorting and declaring that this is the true grace of God. Stand firm in it. 13 She who is at Babylon, who is likewise chosen, sends you greetings, and so does Mark, my son. 14 Greet one another with the kiss of love._
_Peace to all of you who are in Christ._

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1 Thessalonians 1
1 Paul and Silvanus and Timothy, To the church of the Thessalonians in God the Father and the Lord Jesus Christ: Grace to you and peace.
2 We give thanks to God always for all of you, making mention of you in our prayers;
3 constantly bearing in mind your work of faith and labor of love and steadfastness of hope in our Lord Jesus Christ in the presence of our God and Father,
4 knowing, brethren beloved by God, His choice of you;
5 for our gospel did not come to you in word only, but also in power and in the Holy Spirit and with full conviction; just as you know what kind of men we proved to be among you for your sake.
6 You also became imitators of us and of the Lord, having received the word in much tribulation with the joy of the Holy Spirit,
7 so that you became an example to all the believers in Macedonia and in Achaia.
8 For the word of the Lord has sounded forth from you, not only in Macedonia and Achaia, but also in every place your faith toward God has gone forth, so that we have no need to say anything.
9 For they themselves report about us what kind of a reception we had with you, and how you turned to God from idols to serve a living and true God,
10 and to wait for His Son from heaven, whom He raised from the dead, that is Jesus, who rescues us from the wrath to come.
1 Thessalonians 2
1 For you yourselves know, brethren, that our coming to you was not in vain,
2 but after we had already suffered and been mistreated in Philippi, as you know, we had the boldness in our God to speak to you the gospel of God amid much opposition.
3 For our exhortation does not come from error or impurity or by way of deceit;
4 but just as we have been approved by God to be entrusted with the gospel, so we speak, not as pleasing men, but God who examines our hearts.
5 For we never came with flattering speech, as you know, nor with a pretext for greed—God is witness—
6 nor did we seek glory from men, either from you or from others, even though as apostles of Christ we might have asserted our authority.
7 But we proved to be gentle among you, as a nursing mother tenderly cares for her own children.
8 Having so fond an affection for you, we were well-pleased to impart to you not only the gospel of God but also our own lives, because you had become very dear to us.
9 For you recall, brethren, our labor and hardship, how working night and day so as not to be a burden to any of you, we proclaimed to you the gospel of God.
10 You are witnesses, and so is God, how devoutly and uprightly and blamelessly we behaved toward you believers;
11 just as you know how we were exhorting and encouraging and imploring each one of you as a father would his own children,
12 so that you would walk in a manner worthy of the God who calls you into His own kingdom and glory.
13 For this reason we also constantly thank God that when you received the word of God which you heard from us, you accepted it not as the word of men, but for what it really is, the word of God, which also performs its work in you who believe.
14 For you, brethren, became imitators of the churches of God in Christ Jesus that are in Judea, for you also endured the same sufferings at the hands of your own countrymen, even as they did from the Jews,
15 who both killed the Lord Jesus and the prophets, and drove us out. They are not pleasing to God, but hostile to all men,
16 hindering us from speaking to the Gentiles so that they may be saved; with the result that they always fill up the measure of their sins. But wrath has come upon them to the utmost.
17 But we, brethren, having been taken away from you for a short while—in person, not in spirit—were all the more eager with great desire to see your face.
18 For we wanted to come to you—I, Paul, more than once—and yet Satan hindered us.
19 For who is our hope or joy or crown of exultation? Is it not even you, in the presence of our Lord Jesus at His coming?
20 For you are our glory and joy.
1 Thessalonians 3
1 Therefore when we could endure it no longer, we thought it best to be left behind at Athens alone,
2 and we sent Timothy, our brother and Gods fellow worker in the gospel of Christ, to strengthen and encourage you as to your faith,
3 so that no one would be disturbed by these afflictions; for you yourselves know that we have been destined for this.
4 For indeed when we were with you, we kept telling you in advance that we were going to suffer affliction; and so it came to pass, as you know.
5 For this reason, when I could endure it no longer, I also sent to find out about your faith, for fear that the tempter might have tempted you, and our labor would be in vain.
6 But now that Timothy has come to us from you, and has brought us good news of your faith and love, and that you always think kindly of us, longing to see us just as we also long to see you,
7 for this reason, brethren, in all our distress and affliction we were comforted about you through your faith;
8 for now we really live, if you stand firm in the Lord.
9 For what thanks can we render to God for you in return for all the joy with which we rejoice before our God on your account,
10 as we night and day keep praying most earnestly that we may see your face, and may complete what is lacking in your faith?
11 Now may our God and Father Himself and Jesus our Lord direct our way to you;
12 and may the Lord cause you to increase and abound in love for one another, and for all people, just as we also do for you;
13 so that He may establish your hearts without blame in holiness before our God and Father at the coming of our Lord Jesus with all His saints.
1 Thessalonians 4
1 Finally then, brethren, we request and exhort you in the Lord Jesus, that as you received from us instruction as to how you ought to walk and please God (just as you actually do walk), that you excel still more.
2 For you know what commandments we gave you by the authority of the Lord Jesus.
3 For this is the will of God, your sanctification; that is, that you abstain from sexual immorality;
4 that each of you know how to possess his own vessel in sanctification and honor,
5 not in lustful passion, like the Gentiles who do not know God;
6 and that no man transgress and defraud his brother in the matter because the Lord is the avenger in all these things, just as we also told you before and solemnly warned you.
7 For God has not called us for the purpose of impurity, but in sanctification.
8 So, he who rejects this is not rejecting man but the God who gives His Holy Spirit to you.
9 Now as to the love of the brethren, you have no need for anyone to write to you, for you yourselves are taught by God to love one another;
10 for indeed you do practice it toward all the brethren who are in all Macedonia. But we urge you, brethren, to excel still more,
11 and to make it your ambition to lead a quiet life and attend to your own business and work with your hands, just as we commanded you,
12 so that you will behave properly toward outsiders and not be in any need.
13 But we do not want you to be uninformed, brethren, about those who are asleep, so that you will not grieve as do the rest who have no hope.
14 For if we believe that Jesus died and rose again, even so God will bring with Him those who have fallen asleep in Jesus.
15 For this we say to you by the word of the Lord, that we who are alive and remain until the coming of the Lord, will not precede those who have fallen asleep.
16 For the Lord Himself will descend from heaven with a shout, with the voice of the archangel and with the trumpet of God, and the dead in Christ will rise first.
17 Then we who are alive and remain will be caught up together with them in the clouds to meet the Lord in the air, and so we shall always be with the Lord.
18 Therefore comfort one another with these words.
1 Thessalonians 5
1 Now as to the times and the epochs, brethren, you have no need of anything to be written to you.
2 For you yourselves know full well that the day of the Lord will come just like a thief in the night.
3 While they are saying, “Peace and safety!” then destruction will come upon them suddenly like labor pains upon a woman with child, and they will not escape.
4 But you, brethren, are not in darkness, that the day would overtake you like a thief;
5 for you are all sons of light and sons of day. We are not of night nor of darkness;
6 so then let us not sleep as others do, but let us be alert and sober.
7 For those who sleep do their sleeping at night, and those who get drunk get drunk at night.
8 But since we are of the day, let us be sober, having put on the breastplate of faith and love, and as a helmet, the hope of salvation.
9 For God has not destined us for wrath, but for obtaining salvation through our Lord Jesus Christ,
10 who died for us, so that whether we are awake or asleep, we will live together with Him.
11 Therefore encourage one another and build up one another, just as you also are doing.
12 But we request of you, brethren, that you appreciate those who diligently labor among you, and have charge over you in the Lord and give you instruction,
13 and that you esteem them very highly in love because of their work. Live in peace with one another.
14 We urge you, brethren, admonish the unruly, encourage the fainthearted, help the weak, be patient with everyone.
15 See that no one repays another with evil for evil, but always seek after that which is good for one another and for all people.
16 Rejoice always;
17 pray without ceasing;
18 in everything give thanks; for this is Gods will for you in Christ Jesus.
19 Do not quench the Spirit;
20 do not despise prophetic utterances.
21 But examine everything carefully; hold fast to that which is good;
22 abstain from every form of evil.
23 Now may the God of peace Himself sanctify you entirely; and may your spirit and soul and body be preserved complete, without blame at the coming of our Lord Jesus Christ.
24 Faithful is He who calls you, and He also will bring it to pass.
25 Brethren, pray for us.
26 Greet all the brethren with a holy kiss.
27 I adjure you by the Lord to have this letter read to all the brethren.
28 The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you.

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Outline
1. Greeting (1:1)
2. Personal thoughts (1-3)
1. Paul is thankful for them (1:2-4)
1. Thankful to God in prayer (1:2)
2. Because of their work, labor and steadfastness (1:3)
2. Paul knows their salvation because of how the gospel came to them (1:4-5a)
1. In word
2. In power
3. In the Holy Spirit
4. With full conviction
3. They know Paul's salvation because of his proven character among them (1:5b)
4. They became imitators (1:6-10)
1. Of Paul (and his companions) and the Lord (1:6a)
2. By receiving the word with much tribulation and joy (1:6b)
3. To all believers in Macedonia and Achaia (1:7)
4. With the result that they became examples themselves (1:8-10)
1. The word sounded forth all around (1:8)
2. Their faith was clearly proclaimed (1:9-10)
1. How they received them originally
2. How they turned to God from idols
3. How they served the living God
4. How they are waiting for the Son
5. Paul and his companions' conduct when they came (2:1-12)
1. …needs more study/detail here…
6. Paul's joy in how they received the Word of God (2:13-20)
1. …needs more study/detail here…
7. Encouragement of Timothy's visit (3:1-13)
1. …needs more study/detail here…
3. Practical direction (4-5)
1. Excel still more (4:1-12)
1. Excel more in what you already know (4:1-2)
2. Abstain from sexual immorality (4:3-8)
3. Love the brethren (4:9-12)
1. The need regarding love was to excel more.
1. They had no need to be written to.
1. They are taught by God to love.
2. They were already practicing love to all around them.
2. They could only be urged to excel still more.
2. The means to excel was to adjust their ambition.
1. Part one of this ambition is to lead a quiet life.
2. Part two of this ambition is to mind their own business.
3. Part three of this ambition is to work with their hands.
3. The outcome would be to the benefit of others.
1. Outsiders would see their property behavior.
2. No one would need to aid them.
2. Day of the Lord (4:13-5:11)
1. We will all join Him together (4:13-18)
2. Be ready for it! (5:1-11)
3. Final commands (5:12-22)
1. Appreciate diligent workers (5:12-13)
2. Admonish the unruly (5:14a)
3. Encourage the fainthearted (5:14b)
4. Help the weak (5:14c)
5. Be patient with everyone (5:14d)
6. Repay no one evil for evil (5:15a)
7. Seek after good for all (5:15b)
8. Rejoice always (5:16)
9. Pray without ceasing (5:17)
10. Give thanks in everything (5:18)
11. Do not quench the Spirit (5:19)
12. Do not despise prophetic utterances (5:20)
13. Examine everything carefully (5:21a)
14. Hold fast to good (5:21b)
15. Abstain from every form of evil (5:22)
4. Farewell (5:23-28)

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> [!caution] This page contained a drawing which was not converted.
**Mark 10:4652**
**46** Then they came to Jericho. And as He was leaving Jericho with His disciples and a large crowd, a blind beggar _named_ Bartimaeus, the son of Timaeus, was sitting by the road.
**47** When he heard that it was Jesus the Nazarene, he began to cry out and say, “Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!”
**48** Many were sternly telling him to be quiet, but he kept crying out all the more, “Son of David, have mercy on me!”
**49** And Jesus stopped and said, “Call him _here._” So they called the blind man, saying to him, “Take courage, stand up! He is calling for you.”
**50** Throwing aside his cloak, he jumped up and came to Jesus.
**51** And answering him, Jesus said, “What do you want Me to do for you?” And the blind man said to Him, “Rabboni, _I want_ to regain my sight!”
**52** And Jesus said to him, “Go; your faith has made you well.” Immediately he regained his sight and _began_ following Him on the road.
**Luke 18:3543**
**35** As Jesus was approaching Jericho, a blind man was sitting by the road begging.
**36** Now hearing a crowd going by, he _began_ to inquire what this was.
**37** They told him that Jesus of Nazareth was passing by.
**38** And he called out, saying, “Jesus, Son of David, have mercy on me!”
**39** Those who led the way were sternly telling him to be quiet; but he kept crying out all the more, “Son of David, have mercy on me!”
**40** And Jesus stopped and commanded that he be brought to Him; and when he came near, He questioned him,
**41** “What do you want Me to do for you?” And he said, “Lord, _I want_ to regain my sight!”
**42** And Jesus said to him, “Receive your sight; your faith has made you well.”
**43** Immediately he regained his sight and _began_ following Him, glorifying God; and when all the people saw it, they gave praise to God.

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# Lord of the Earth Created
## Introduction
- Bill the author, how I know him, how my parents know him, recently passed, Anglican priest!
- Study used by parents for decades
- As with all studies, the Word is our guide, not the study. Take a "trust but verify" approach
- More relevant than ever, given cultural and Christian confusion about gender
- My desire from this study
- Understand biblical manhood
- For my own application--be a better man
- Teach my boys to be real men
- Have confidence in the face of cultural confusion
## Question
- What is your current view of what it means to be a man, husband, father?
- What do you want from this study?
## What Lord of the Earth Created answers
What is a man?
What is his purpose?
## Key concepts
Man was made by God, like God, to rule for God
**Man's identity**
The image of God: we are the way we are and have the capabilities we have because of who and how God is.
Because he made us and we are like Him, we look to Him to define who we are and what we are to be doing
Man's dual identity: physical and spiritual, command the earth, commune with God
**Man's purpose**
Rule the world, subdue it, make it fruitful, multiply it
What is your domain? What must you subdue? What are you making fruitful, multiplying and filling?
How are you creating value?
God's pattern: form, then fill (Gen. 1)
Can a man still fulfill his purpose if he never marries?
What would you say to a man uninterested in finding a wife and/or job?
**Man's domain**
The world!
God focuses man downward and outward first: what consequences does it have that men more and more frequently live in cities with jobs far from nature?
Hide and seek: godly science is an _excellent_ pursuit--to find what God has hidden!
First command: not love God or evangelize, but rule the earth--what do you think?
Individual domains: what are yours?
HUGE POINT: we are _accountable_ to God due to this _responsibility_ given us
**Headship**
Man has a unique headship role which distinguishes him from woman, though both share the world mandate.
# Glory of God: Fallen
One take away: we are created to worship God--this does not just take place in temples and churches. It is with our whole lives that we worship God, seeking to glorify Him in how we behave, the offices we take up and work in (son, father, priest, pastor, judge, etc) and excel in, etc. Our lives either worship God, the rightful recipient of our worship, or they worship a false image, ourselves, Satan, the world, the creation. So, the fallen nature of the glory of God aspect is to live our lives to worship something or someone other than God who created us.
The idea of sex as a picture of worship connects and explains why sexual sin is so often associated with idolatry.
- Adam and Eve covered their sex organs after reject God's commandment and sinning
- Romans 1 describes a descent into sexual perversion after rejecting God
- Sexual sins are often associated with idol worship: temple prostitutes
- Sexual "freedom" goes hand-in-hand with the rejection of God
- Idolatry and adultery are often connected in scripture, adultery used to describe idolatry

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> [!caution] This page contained a drawing which was not converted.
Paul, an apostle (not sent from men nor through the agency of man, but through Jesus Christ and God the Father, who raised Him from the dead), and all the brethren who are with me,
To the churches of Galatia:
Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ, who gave Himself for our sins so that He might rescue us from this present evil age, according to the will of our God and Father, to whom be the glory forevermore. Amen.
I am amazed that you are so quickly deserting Him who called you by the grace of Christ, for a different gospel; which is really not another; only there are some who are disturbing you and want to distort the gospel of Christ. But even if we, or an angel from heaven, should preach to you a gospel contrary to what we have preached to you, he is to be accursed! As we have said before, so I say again now, if any man is preaching to you a gospel contrary to what you received, he is to be accursed!
For am I now seeking the favor of men, or of God? Or am I striving to please men? If I were still trying to please men, I would not be a bond-servant of Christ. For I would have you know, brethren, that the gospel which was preached by me is not according to man. For I neither received it from man, nor was I taught it, but I received it through a revelation of Jesus Christ.
For you have heard of my former manner of life in Judaism, how I used to persecute the church of God beyond measure and tried to destroy it; and I was advancing in Judaism beyond many of my contemporaries among my countrymen, being more extremely zealous for my ancestral traditions.
But when God, who had set me apart even from my mothers womb and called me through His grace, was pleased to reveal His Son in me so that I might preach Him among the Gentiles, I did not immediately consult with flesh and blood, nor did I go up to Jerusalem to those who were apostles before me; but I went away to Arabia, and returned once more to Damascus. Then three years later I went up to Jerusalem to become acquainted with Cephas, and stayed with him fifteen days. But I did not see any other of the apostles except James, the Lords brother. (Now in what I am writing to you, I assure you before God that I am not lying.) Then I went into the regions of Syria and Cilicia. I was still unknown by sight to the churches of Judea which were in Christ; but only, they kept hearing, “He who once persecuted us is now preaching the faith which he once tried to destroy.” And they were glorifying God because of me.
Then after an interval of fourteen years I went up again to Jerusalem with Barnabas, taking Titus along also. It was because of a revelation that I went up; and I submitted to them the gospel which I preach among the Gentiles, but I did so in private to those who were of reputation, for fear that I might be running, or had run, in vain. But not even Titus, who was with me, though he was a Greek, was compelled to be circumcised. But it was because of the false brethren secretly brought in, who had sneaked in to spy out our liberty which we have in Christ Jesus, in order to bring us into bondage. But we did not yield in subjection to them for even an hour, so that the truth of the gospel would remain with you. But from those who were of high reputation (what they were makes no difference to me; God shows no partiality)—well, those who were of reputation contributed nothing to me. But on the contrary, seeing that I had been entrusted with the gospel to the uncircumcised, just as Peter had been to the circumcised (for He who effectually worked for Peter in his apostleship to the circumcised effectually worked for me also to the Gentiles), and recognizing the grace that had been given to me, James and Cephas and John, who were reputed to be pillars, gave to me and Barnabas the right hand of fellowship, so that we might go to the Gentiles and they to the circumcised. They only asked us to remember the poor—the very thing I also was eager to do.
But when Cephas came to Antioch, I opposed him to his face, because he stood condemned. For prior to the coming of certain men from James, he used to eat with the Gentiles; but when they came, he began to withdraw and hold himself aloof, fearing the party of the circumcision. The rest of the Jews joined him in hypocrisy, with the result that even Barnabas was carried away by their hypocrisy. But when I saw that they were not straightforward about the truth of the gospel, I said to Cephas in the presence of all, “If you, being a Jew, live like the Gentiles and not like the Jews, how is it that you compel the Gentiles to live like Jews? “We are Jews by nature and not sinners from among the Gentiles; nevertheless knowing that a man is not justified by the works of the Law but through faith in Christ Jesus, even we have believed in Christ Jesus, so that we may be justified by faith in Christ and not by the works of the Law; since by the works of the Law no flesh will be justified. “But if, while seeking to be justified in Christ, we ourselves have also been found sinners, is Christ then a minister of sin? May it never be! “For if I rebuild what I have once destroyed, I prove myself to be a transgressor. “For through the Law I died to the Law, so that I might live to God. “I have been crucified with Christ; and it is no longer I who live, but Christ lives in me; and the life which I now live in the flesh I live by faith in the Son of God, who loved me and gave Himself up for me. “I do not nullify the grace of God, for if righteousness comes through the Law, then Christ died needlessly.”
You foolish Galatians, who has bewitched you, before whose eyes Jesus Christ was publicly portrayed as crucified? This is the only thing I want to find out from you: did you receive the Spirit by the works of the Law, or by hearing with faith? Are you so foolish? Having begun by the Spirit, are you now being perfected by the flesh? Did you suffer so many things in vain—if indeed it was in vain? So then, does He who provides you with the Spirit and works miracles among you, do it by the works of the Law, or by hearing with faith?
Even so Abraham BELIEVED GOD, AND IT WAS RECKONED TO HIM AS RIGHTEOUSNESS. Therefore, be sure that it is those who are of faith who are sons of Abraham. The Scripture, foreseeing that God would justify the Gentiles by faith, preached the gospel beforehand to Abraham, saying, “ALL THE NATIONS WILL BE BLESSED IN YOU.” So then those who are of faith are blessed with Abraham, the believer.
For as many as are of the works of the Law are under a curse; for it is written, “CURSED IS EVERYONE WHO DOES NOT ABIDE BY ALL THINGS WRITTEN IN THE BOOK OF THE LAW, TO PERFORM THEM.” Now that no one is justified by the Law before God is evident; for, “THE RIGHTEOUS MAN SHALL LIVE BY FAITH.” However, the Law is not of faith; on the contrary, “HE WHO PRACTICES THEM SHALL LIVE BY THEM.” Christ redeemed us from the curse of the Law, having become a curse for us—for it is written, “CURSED IS EVERYONE WHO HANGS ON A TREE”— in order that in Christ Jesus the blessing of Abraham might come to the Gentiles, so that we would receive the promise of the Spirit through faith.
Brethren, I speak in terms of human relations: even though it is only a mans covenant, yet when it has been ratified, no one sets it aside or adds conditions to it. Now the promises were spoken to Abraham and to his seed. He does not say, “And to seeds,” as referring to many, but rather to one, “And to your seed,” that is, Christ. What I am saying is this: the Law, which came four hundred and thirty years later, does not invalidate a covenant previously ratified by God, so as to nullify the promise. For if the inheritance is based on law, it is no longer based on a promise; but God has granted it to Abraham by means of a promise.
Why the Law then? It was added because of transgressions, having been ordained through angels by the agency of a mediator, until the seed would come to whom the promise had been made. Now a mediator is not for one party only; whereas God is only one. Is the Law then contrary to the promises of God? May it never be! For if a law had been given which was able to impart life, then righteousness would indeed have been based on law. But the Scripture has shut up everyone under sin, so that the promise by faith in Jesus Christ might be given to those who believe.
But before faith came, we were kept in custody under the law, being shut up to the faith which was later to be revealed. Therefore the Law has become our tutor to lead us to Christ, so that we may be justified by faith. But now that faith has come, we are no longer under a tutor. For you are all sons of God through faith in Christ Jesus. For all of you who were baptized into Christ have clothed yourselves with Christ. There is neither Jew nor Greek, there is neither slave nor free man, there is neither male nor female; for you are all one in Christ Jesus. And if you belong to Christ, then you are Abrahams descendants, heirs according to promise.
Now I say, as long as the heir is a child, he does not differ at all from a slave although he is owner of everything, but he is under guardians and managers until the date set by the father. So also we, while we were children, were held in bondage under the elemental things of the world. But when the fullness of the time came, God sent forth His Son, born of a woman, born under the Law, so that He might redeem those who were under the Law, that we might receive the adoption as sons. Because you are sons, God has sent forth the Spirit of His Son into our hearts, crying, “Abba! Father!” Therefore you are no longer a slave, but a son; and if a son, then an heir through God. However at that time, when you did not know God, you were slaves to those which by nature are no gods. But now that you have come to know God, or rather to be known by God, how is it that you turn back again to the weak and worthless elemental things, to which you desire to be enslaved all over again? You observe days and months and seasons and years. I fear for you, that perhaps I have labored over you in vain.
I beg of you, brethren, become as I am, for I also have become as you are. You have done me no wrong; but you know that it was because of a bodily illness that I preached the gospel to you the first time; and that which was a trial to you in my bodily condition you did not despise or loathe, but you received me as an angel of God, as Christ Jesus Himself. Where then is that sense of blessing you had? For I bear you witness that, if possible, you would have plucked out your eyes and given them to me. So have I become your enemy by telling you the truth? They eagerly seek you, not commendably, but they wish to shut you out so that you will seek them. But it is good always to be eagerly sought in a commendable manner, and not only when I am present with you. My children, with whom I am again in labor until Christ is formed in you— but I could wish to be present with you now and to change my tone, for I am perplexed about you.
Tell me, you who want to be under law, do you not listen to the law? For it is written that Abraham had two sons, one by the bondwoman and one by the free woman. But the son by the bondwoman was born according to the flesh, and the son by the free woman through the promise. This is allegorically speaking, for these women are two covenants: one proceeding from Mount Sinai bearing children who are to be slaves; she is Hagar. Now this Hagar is Mount Sinai in Arabia and corresponds to the present Jerusalem, for she is in slavery with her children. But the Jerusalem above is free; she is our mother. For it is written, “REJOICE, BARREN WOMAN WHO DOES NOT BEAR; BREAK FORTH AND SHOUT, YOU WHO ARE NOT IN LABOR; FOR MORE NUMEROUS ARE THE CHILDREN OF THE DESOLATE THAN OF THE ONE WHO HAS A HUSBAND.” And you brethren, like Isaac, are children of promise. But as at that time he who was born according to the flesh persecuted him who was born according to the Spirit, so it is now also. But what does the Scripture say? “CAST OUT THE BONDWOMAN AND HER SON, FOR THE SON OF THE BONDWOMAN SHALL NOT BE AN HEIR WITH THE SON OF THE FREE WOMAN.” So then, brethren, we are not children of a bondwoman, but of the free woman.
It was for freedom that Christ set us free; therefore keep standing firm and do not be subject again to a yoke of slavery. Behold I, Paul, say to you that if you receive circumcision, Christ will be of no benefit to you. And I testify again to every man who receives circumcision, that he is under obligation to keep the whole Law. You have been severed from Christ, you who are seeking to be justified by law; you have fallen from grace. For we through the Spirit, by faith, are waiting for the hope of righteousness. For in Christ Jesus neither circumcision nor uncircumcision means anything, but faith working through love.
You were running well; who hindered you from obeying the truth? This persuasion did not come from Him who calls you. A little leaven leavens the whole lump of dough. I have confidence in you in the Lord that you will adopt no other view; but the one who is disturbing you will bear his judgment, whoever he is. But I, brethren, if I still preach circumcision, why am I still persecuted? Then the stumbling block of the cross has been abolished. I wish that those who are troubling you would even mutilate themselves.
For you were called to freedom, brethren; only do not turn your freedom into an opportunity for the flesh, but through love serve one another. For the whole Law is fulfilled in one word, in the statement, “YOU SHALL LOVE YOUR NEIGHBOR AS YOURSELF.” But if you bite and devour one another, take care that you are not consumed by one another. But I say, walk by the Spirit, and you will not carry out the desire of the flesh. For the flesh sets its desire against the Spirit, and the Spirit against the flesh; for these are in opposition to one another, so that you may not do the things that you please. But if you are led by the Spirit, you are not under the Law. Now the deeds of the flesh are evident, which are: immorality, impurity, sensuality, idolatry, sorcery, enmities, strife, jealousy, outbursts of anger, disputes, dissensions, factions, envying, drunkenness, carousing, and things like these, of which I forewarn you, just as I have forewarned you, that those who practice such things will not inherit the kingdom of God. But the fruit of the Spirit is love, joy, peace, patience, kindness, goodness, faithfulness, gentleness, self-control; against such things there is no law. Now those who belong to Christ Jesus have crucified the flesh with its passions and desires. If we live by the Spirit, let us also walk by the Spirit. Let us not become boastful, challenging one another, envying one another.
Brethren, even if anyone is caught in any trespass, you who are spiritual, restore such a one in a spirit of gentleness; each one looking to yourself, so that you too will not be tempted. Bear one anothers burdens, and thereby fulfill the law of Christ. For if anyone thinks he is something when he is nothing, he deceives himself. But each one must examine his own work, and then he will have reason for boasting in regard to himself alone, and not in regard to another. For each one will bear his own load. The one who is taught the word is to share all good things with the one who teaches him. Do not be deceived, God is not mocked; for whatever a man sows, this he will also reap. For the one who sows to his own flesh will from the flesh reap corruption, but the one who sows to the Spirit will from the Spirit reap eternal life. Let us not lose heart in doing good, for in due time we will reap if we do not grow weary. So then, while we have opportunity, let us do good to all people, and especially to those who are of the household of the faith.
See with what large letters I am writing to you with my own hand. Those who desire to make a good showing in the flesh try to compel you to be circumcised, simply so that they will not be persecuted for the cross of Christ. For those who are circumcised do not even keep the Law themselves, but they desire to have you circumcised so that they may boast in your flesh. But may it never be that I would boast, except in the cross of our Lord Jesus Christ, through which the world has been crucified to me, and I to the world. For neither is circumcision anything, nor uncircumcision, but a new creation. And those who will walk by this rule, peace and mercy be upon them, and upon the Israel of God. From now on let no one cause trouble for me, for I bear on my body the brand-marks of Jesus. The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with your spirit, brethren. Amen.

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Theme: Restoring confidence in the source, truth and freedom of the gospel of justification by faith.
1. Introduction (1:1-5)
1. Authors
1. Paul: an apostle
1. Not sent from men
2. Not through the agency of man
3. Through the agency of Jesus Christ
2. All brethren with Paul
2. Audience: churches of Galatia
3. Greeting: grace and peace
1. From God our Father: to whom be glory forevermore
2. From the Lord Jesus Christ
1. Gave Himself for our sins
2. Rescuer from this present evil age
3. Worked according to the will of God our Father
2. Urgency of the Matter (1:6-10)
1. Galatians are deserting God
1. They are deserting quickly
2. They are deserting God
3. They are deserting the true gospel
2. Galatians are being disturbed
1. Disturbers are distorting the gospel
2. Disturbers are to be accursed
3. Gospel is being distorted
1. Not what Paul preached
2. Not what Galatians received
4. Paul's motivation
1. Seeking favor of God
2. Pleasing men is incompatible with bond-service to Christ
3. Restoring confidence in the **source** of the gospel (chapters 1:11-2:21)
1. Summary: from Christ, not man
1. Not according to man
2. Not received from man
3. Not taught it by man
4. But, from a revelation of Jesus Christ
2. Alibi 1: Paul's former manner of life
1. Paul was not raised with the gospel
2. He was an enemy of the gospel
3. He would listen to no man (see his behavior in Acts)
3. Alibi 2: Paul's conversion
1. No evangelism from man
2. Turn around in Paul's life so great, it can only be God's direct work
4. Alibi 3: Paul's first Jerusalem visit
1. No instruction from men
2. No time for it (see Acts account)
5. Alibi 4: Paul's second Jerusalem visit
1. Not for the purpose of being taught
2. Incredible (God-given) unity among apostles after 17 years of preaching to different people without contact with each other
6. Alibi 5: Paul's present manner of life: 100% consistent with the Gospel
1. Paul recognized Peter's hypocrisy
1. Peter stood condemned when he came to Antioch
2. Peter withdrew from eating with the Gentiles
3. Peter feared Jews who came from James
4. Many Jews (even Barnabas) were carried away
5. Peter and Jews not being straightforward about the Gospel
2. Paul exposed Peter's hypocrisy
1. Surface inconsistencies_Even though Peter was a Jew, he was living like a Gentile and yet now he was compelling Gentiles to live like Jews! It may not have been obvious to see the core issue at that level, but it was an obvious inconsistency on the surface of things that should have led to deeper investigating of a core problem!_
1. Peter is a Jew, living like a Gentile (eating with Gentiles)
2. Peter is compelling Gentiles to live like Jews (by no longer eating with Gentiles)
2. Contradicts past convictions_Peter and the others (along with Paul) had clearly recognized the insufficiency of the law to justify them. Therefore, they sought refuge in the cross of Christ. What Peter was doing now was totally contradictory to his own past convictions._
1. Paul and Peter are Jews who have the law
2. Paul and Peter, nevertheless, recognized justification by the law was impossible
3. Paul and Peter turned to Christ for justification
3. Has an illogical conclusion_If we accept the law as a standard of righteousness, while seeking justification in Christ, we are concluding that Christ's work was insufficient to make us righteous. Therefore, Christ has failed to justify us and all He has done is lead us into sin--He becomes a minister of sin._
1. We are judged to be sinners even after seeking justification in Christ
2. Christ becomes a minister of sin
3. Returning to the law only proves our transgressions
4. Contradicts spiritual reality_The spiritual reality is that we now live by faith, Christ living in us. The law led us to the point where we died to it as a means of justification so that we might now live daily by faith in the Son of God. Going back to the law denies this reality._
1. The law lead them to die to it as a means of righteousness and live to God
2. Daily life is by faith with Christ living in him
5. Has severe consequences_By returning to the law, we declare that Christ's death was either insufficient or unnecessary to obtain righteousness before God. Therefore, we take what actually is the grace of God (giving His only begotten Son for us) and turn it into a foolish act--unnecessary and insufficient. We say that the law was always available to declare us righteous and so God sent His Son to the cross for no real reason._
1. Nullifies the grace of God
2. Declares that Christ died needlessly
4. Restoring confidence in the **truth** of the gospel (chapters 3:1-4:31)
1. Argument 1: Galatians' Experience (3:1-5)
1. Hearing the Gospel_Paul has "clearly portrayed" the gospel to them when he preached in the Galatian cities. Thus, they had heard the entire gospel clearly, certainly being told of the necessity of the cross and Christ's work on it. This knowledge alone could have kept them from the false teaching of justification by the law since that doctrine lead to the conclusion of Christ's death being unnecessary._
2. Believing the Gospel_How did the Galatians receive the Spirit? The NT records that we receive the Spirit by believing. Not only did the Galatians hear the message of the cross, but they believed it! The giving of the Holy Spirit at the time of their believing was a confirmation that they had believed the truth, but now they were straying from it._
3. Finishing in the Gospel_The Galatians had begun to finish by walking in the Spirit. How now did they think they could somehow complete the course in another way? The Spirit had been absolutely necessary for their righteousness. How could they now "continue" their righteousness through the flesh when it was so weak and useless before?_
4. Suffering for the Gospel_The Galatians had suffered for the gospel--they were willing to do it. Now they were despising that suffering by turning to a false gospel which essentially declared that their past suffering had not been necessary. While, in fact, it was vital and greatly beneficial to their walk with Christ._
5. Seeing the Gospel_They had seen the works of God since their salvation: miracles, receiving of the Spirit. How had God done these things? Not through excellence in works of the Law! Having seen those works should have strongly confirmed to the Galatians that their course (walking by faith) was the right one. But, they still strayed._
2. Argument 2: Example of Abraham (3:6-9)
1. His Faith_The Galatian's faith (and, therefore, ours) is just like Abraham's. He believed God and it was credited as righteousness. See Romans 4:22--it works exactly the same for us. Instead of being the Jews' forefather of circumcision, Abraham really is the father of all who are justified by faith. Paul lands a huge blow to the Judaizers with this claim._
1. Abraham (who?)
2. Believed (what?)
3. God (in whom?)
4. Could do what He said (in what?)
5. Reckoned to him as righteousness (with what result?)
2. His Sons_What Paul hints at in the previous verse is brought home in this verse. I think Paul is using Abraham as an argument because the Galatians are being influenced by Judaizers, preaching circumcision and the Law for justification. To be a son of Abraham meant to be an inheritor of the promises given to him. This meant being brought into the covenant which meant being circumcised. Paul says not to all of that. To obtain the promises of Abraham, you must believe as he did and be declared righteous. The sign of circumcision was a seal of the faith Abraham had received (Rom: 4:11). But, for those who also were under that covenant, circumcision was not enough to receive the promises of Abraham. Faith was required as well (Rom 4:13)._
3. His Gospel_The Gospel to Abraham was that he would become the father of many nations by being the "father" of their faith--the example of the same faith that would bring many, from many nations into the fold of Christ. This came before circumcision. Again, Romans 4:9-12 makes this really clear: Abraham was declared righteous before he was given circumcision. Therefore, he is the father, in his faith, of both the uncircumcised and the circumcised to those who believe in the same way._
4. His Blessing_I think the blessing of Abraham is to be declared righteous by faith, aside from any consideration of works. This last verse is almost a summary of Paul's statements. If you want to be blessed with Abraham (also declared righteous), you must exercise the same faith he did._
3. Argument 3: Contrast of living by faith and law (3:10-14)
1. Living by the law
1. The Law brings a curse
1. As many as are of the works of the Law (who)
2. By not abiding by all things (how)
2. No one is justified by the Law
1. Man is justified by faith
2. Law is not of faith, but works
2. Living by faith: Christ redeemed us
1. From the curse of the Law (from what)
2. By hanging on the cross (how)
3. For the purpose of
1. Bringing the blessing of Abraham to the Gentiles
2. Receiving the promise of the Spirit through faith
4. Argument 4: God's promise (3:15-18)_Imbedded in this argument is the clarification that the promise of God was like a will or testament given to Abraham. The inheritance is the gaining of righteousness. God gave it to Abraham in a promise. He did not change the terms of this promise by giving the Law--as if He suddenly now made men have to "earn" righteousness by following the Law. Not even men would do that! A great lesson from this is to trust God's promises at face value. The Law, on the surface, seemed to alter the terms of gaining righteousness--but this would have meant the maligning of God's character. That is, He would be the type who would go back on His promises! If this is ever the logical conclusion of our thinking, we are on the wrong path._
1. Observation 1: even men do not alter the terms of covenants they make
2. Observation 2: Christ is the seed of Abraham, Christ is the one in whom the promises are fulfilled
3. Conclusion: the Law cannot invalidate the promise of God
4. Observation 3: the inheritance can only be based on Law or Promise, not both
5. Argument 5: The purpose of the Law (3:19-22)
1. Short summary of the Law
1. For defining transgressions
2. Communicated through mediating messengers_I interpret "angels" in the NASB more generically as messengers. This would then be Paul telling us how the Law was communicated: first through Moses, then prophets and priests and kings--always through a mediating messenger._
3. Had a built-in expiration date: until Christ came
2. The Law is different than the promise
1. Required a mediator_The promise of God to Abraham and his Seed was a one-way covenant (a will). It required no mediator. The necessity of a mediator implies that the Law was not doing the same thing as the promise._
2. Could not impart life_The Law was weak because it was a two-way street (unlike the promise). Because of this, it was dependent on flesh (people) to uphold their half. Therefore, it was designed to fail in regard to providing life (righteousness)._
3. The Law's real purpose: prepare our hearts for the promise_The Law wasn't a failed experiment by God. It was always designed with one purpose: to show clearly to men the weakness of their flesh and absolute necessity of obtaining righteousness by faith alone in Christ's accomplished work. It does this by shutting us up under sin; that is, showing no way of escape for a man made of flesh._
6. Argument 6: How the Law accomplishes its purpose (3:23-29) _The illustration of being in college, I think, illuminates this passage. In college, as a computer science student, I was directed by my college professors on the dos and don'ts represented by assignments, tests, projects, etc. This was my only concern: to pass my classes and learn programming. When I graduated, my focus slowly shifted to professional excellence. I was applying the things learned in college, but now with my own motivation to do well. When I was in college, I couldn't see how this would work out. In the same way, the Law shuts us up to faith--we can't see the excellence of living by the Spirit because we are still under a tutor. While under the Law (in college) we are only concerned about measuring up to the Law (passing assignments, tests and projects). When faith comes (we graduate) we now understand the full joy of walking in righteousness of our own motivation. The Spirit guides us in this as chapter 5 will show. Just like college, the Law is never intended to keep us under it. Its purpose is to send us on to better things--being sons of God, heirs of the promise with Christ._
1. Keeps us in custody until faith
2. Is a guardian to us until Christ comes
3. Releases us to be sons of God
1. We cloth ourselves in Christ (we look like Christ)
2. We are unified in Christ (we are all unified in Christ)
3. We are made heirs of the promise to Abraham (we inherit with Christ)
7. Argument 7: An illustration of maturing (4:1-11)
1. The illustration: an heir as a child
1. No different than a slave
2. Under guardians and managers until a certain date set by the father
2. How we fit the illustration
1. As children, we were held under the elemental things of the world
2. At the time chosen by our Father, Christ came to adopt us as sons through redemption from the Law
3. Result of becoming sons
1. We have the Spirit, causing us to cry, "Abba! Father!"
2. We are now heirs through God
4. Galatians' situation
1. They were slaves to false gods
2. They have been freed through being known by God
3. They are now turning back to those elemental things
1. Observe days, months, seasons, years
2. Paul is afraid their progress was in vain
8. Argument 8: Comparing their relationship with Paul and Judaizers (4:12-20)
1. Paul's close relationship with the Galatians
1. Call to imitate Paul
2. Reminder of the conditions and attitudes during their initial meeting
2. Change from closeness to enemy status
3. Comparison of Paul and the Judaizers
1. Judaizers played upon their sense of belonging and exclusivity
2. Paul desired to be sought also, but commendably
4. Desire for restored relationship
9. Argument 9: An analogy of faith versus flesh (4:21-31)
1. Introducing the story of Isaac and Ishmael
2. Comparison of two women
1. Hagar represents the Law and the flesh
2. Sarah represents the promise
3. Comparison of two children
1. Isaac represents the children of promise
2. Ishmael represents the children of the flesh
5. Restoring confidence in the **freedom** of the gospel (chapters 5:1-6:18)_Paul restores the confidence of the Galatians in the freedom of the Gospel by teaching them how to live in it._
1. Lesson 1: Understand the stakes - it's either all freedom or all slavery (5:1-6)
1. Admonition to stand firm (v1)_Paul admonishes the Galatians to choose freedom. This was Christ's purpose in setting us free. Therefore, we ought not to return to slavery._
1. It is Christ's purpose in setting us free
2. The other option is slavery
2. Alternatives to avoid (vv2-4)
1. Christ will be of no benefit
2. Bound to the whole Law
3. Severed from Christ
4. Fallen from grace
3. Attitude to Practice (vv5-6)
1. Waiting
1. By the Spirit
2. Out of faith
3. For the hope of righteousness
2. Working
1. Disregarding the flesh
2. By faith
3. Through love
2. Lesson 2: Understand the situation - it's serious, but definitely recoverable (5:7-12)
1. How you got here (vv7-9)
1. Active hindrance
2. Foreign persuasion
3. Dangerous substance
2. You're not beyond recovering (v10)_You don't have to be--adopt the same view you had, that I still have now. The ones in trouble are the false teachers. They will bear their judgment._
3. You can trust me (v11)_I haven't changed since we first met. I'm still persecuted because I'm still placing the stumbling block in front of the Jews by preaching the cross of Christ._
4. I'm not mad at your (v12)_No, Paul only wishes that the false teachers would go away._
3. Lesson 3: Understand that freedom is a tool (5:13-15)
1. Christ has called us to use it (v13a)_The word "calling" indicates a responsibility is attached to it._
2. It can be abused (v13b)_We should not abuse our freedom, thinking it is a license to sin._
3. It has a specific purpose (v13c)_We have been made free to serve each other._
4. Using it fulfills the whole Law (v14)_The whole Law is fulfilled when we exercise our freedom to lovingly serve others._
5. It can be neglected (v15)_Biting and devouring one another is the sure way to consume each other and waste our freedom._
4. Lesson 4: Understand the reason to walk by the Spirit (5:16-26)_Walking by the Spirit is the means by which we properly use our tool of freedom._
1. The promise of the Spirit (v16)
2. The reason walking in the Spirit works (vv17-23)
1. The Spirit fights the flesh (v17)
2. The Spirit frees you from the Law (vv18-23)
3. Summary statement (vv24-26)
1. Crucify the flesh
2. Walk by the Spirit
3. Not become boastful, challenging, envying
5. Lesson 5: Be humble (6:1-5)
1. In dealing with sin (v1)
1. With gentleness
2. Mindful of our own weakness
2. In sharing one another's burdens (v2)
3. In our view of ourselves (v3)
4. In examining works (vv4-5)
1. Examine our own
2. Not compare to others
3. Because we are judged individually
6. Lesson 6: Do good (6:6-10)
1. Do good to our teachers (v6)
2. Do good to reap eternal life (vv7-8)
3. Do good with perseverance (v9)
4. Do good with a sense of urgency and priority (v10)
7. Lesson 7: Be honest (6:11-18)
1. Pay attention! (v11)
2. Who you should not trust (vv12-13)
1. Not honest about their teaching_Preaching circumcision and the Law for righteousness, they know it has not produced righteousness in themselves._
2. Not honest about their motives_Their desire is primarily to escape persecution._
3. Not honest about themselves_Whether they know it or not, they cannot succeed with their own teaching._
3. Who you should trust (vv14-15)
1. Honest about the source of righteousness_It is in Christ alone._
2. Honest about their need for righteousness_There is no righteousness in themselves._
3. Honest about how this separates them from the world_The world has been crucified to them and they to the world._
4. How you can tell the difference (vv16-18)
1. Adjust our view through the new creation
1. View others this way
2. View ourselves this way
2. Trust those living out the truth, not just speaking the "truth"
3. Trust those who truly show care for others

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Theme: Restoring confidence in the source, truth and freedom of the gospel of justification by faith.
Key verse - Galatians 2:21 "I do not nullify the grace of God, for if righteousness comes through the Law, then Christ died needlessly."
Outline
1. Problem_Three words to describe the problem of the Galatians.____Key verse - Galatians 1:6_
1. Word 1: Desert - deserting Christ (1:6)
2. Word 2: Disturb - someone disturbing them (1:7)
3. Word 3: Distort - distorting the gospel (1:7) 3. Source of the gospel (1:11-2:21)_Five alibis of Paul proving that the gospel is from God.____Key verse - Galatians 1:12_
1. Alibi 1: Paul's former manner of life (1:13-14)
2. Alibi 2: Paul's conversion (1:15-17)
3. Alibi 3: Paul's first Jerusalem visit (1:18-24)
4. Alibi 4: Paul's second Jerusalem visit (2:1-10)
5. Alibi 5: Paul's present manner of life (2:11-21)
4. Truth of the gospel (3:1-4:31)_Nine arguments for the truth of the gospel of justification by faith.____Key verse - Galatians 3:24_
1. Argument 1: Galatians' experience (3:1-5)
2. Argument 2: Example of Abraham (3:6-9)
3. Argument 3: Contrast of living by faith and law (3:10-14)
4. Argument 4: God's promise (3:15-18)
5. Argument 5: The purpose of the Law (3:19-22)
6. Argument 6: How the Law accomplishes its purpose (3:23-29)
7. Argument 7: An illustration of maturing (4:1-11)
8. Argument 8: Comparing their relationship with Paul and Judaizers (4:12-20)
9. Argument 9: An analogy of faith versus flesh (4:21-31)
5. Freedom in the gospel (5:1-6:18)_Seven lessons on how to wield the tool of freedom.____Key verse - Galatians 5:13_
1. Lesson 1: Understand the stakes - it's either all freedom or all slavery (5:1-6)
2. Lesson 2: Understand the situation - it's serious, but definitely recoverable (5:7-12)
3. Lesson 3: Understand that freedom is a tool (5:13-15)
4. Lesson 4: Understand the reason to walk in the Spirit (5:16-26)
5. Lesson 5: Be humble (6:1-5)
6. Lesson 6: Do good (6:6-10)
7. Lesson 7: Be honest (6:11-18)

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Date of writing
- Quoted by Clement of Rome in I Clement, meaning it was not later than 95 AD
- No reference to the destruction of the Jewish temple indicates it was probably even before 70 AD. If it had been written after 70 AD, this would have been a good fact to mention when indicating the superiority of Christ over the sacrificial system
- Timothy is mentioned, meaning it was written at least during his lifetime
- BKC conclusion: 68 or 69 AD is reasonable
Authorship
- Possibly Paul, but some have noted style differences despite obvious doctrinal alignment. Some believe the style differences have their source in the possibility that Paul wrote the book in Hebrew and Luke translated it into Greek.
- Could be Barnabas
- Tertullian quoted Hebrews in a message and matter-of-factly mentioned it being an epistle of Barnabas
- Barnabas was a Levite (Acts 4:36) which would explain his in-depth knowledge of the sacrificial system
- Others have been put forward as authors as well, but there is not real possibility of confirming the authorship.
Setting
- Audience is most likely Jewish, given the ancient title ("To the Hebrews") and the content of the book focusing so specifically on Jewish old testament and sacrificial system.
- Where the audience was located is not really known as a Jewish audience could have meant just about anywhere in the world.
- It seems possible that it was written to a Christian church in a city like Cyrene (in North Africa), made up of Jewish believers (but not necessarily exclusively) who were being tempted to return to some Jewish roots or some kind of sectarian reclusion like the Qumran communities.
Authority of the book
- Clement and Rome and Justin Martyr both quoted and referred to this book as of divine authorship

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Chapter 1
1God, after He spoke long ago to the fathers in the prophets in many portions and in many ways,
2in these last days has spoken to us in His Son, whom He appointed heir of all things, through whom also He made the world.
3And He is the radiance of His glory and the exact representation of His nature, and upholds all things by the word of His power. When He had made purification of sins, He sat down at the right hand of the Majesty on high,
4having become as much better than the angels, as He has inherited a more excellent name than they.
5For to which of the angels did He ever say,
“YOU ARE MY SON,
TODAY I HAVE BEGOTTEN YOU”?
And again,
“I WILL BE A FATHER TO HIM
AND HE SHALL BE A SON TO ME”?
6And when He again brings the firstborn into the world, He says,
“AND LET ALL THE ANGELS OF GOD WORSHIP HIM.”
7And of the angels He says,
“WHO MAKES HIS ANGELS WINDS,
AND HIS MINISTERS A FLAME OF FIRE.”
8But of the Son He says,
“YOUR THRONE, O GOD, IS FOREVER AND EVER,
AND THE RIGHTEOUS SCEPTER IS THE SCEPTER OF HIS KINGDOM.
9“YOU HAVE LOVED RIGHTEOUSNESS AND HATED LAWLESSNESS;
THEREFORE GOD, YOUR GOD, HAS ANOINTED YOU
WITH THE OIL OF GLADNESS ABOVE YOUR COMPANIONS.”
10And,
“YOU, LORD, IN THE BEGINNING LAID THE FOUNDATION OF THE EARTH
AND THE HEAVENS ARE THE WORKS OF YOUR HANDS;
11THEY WILL PERISH, BUT YOU REMAIN;
AND THEY ALL WILL BECOME OLD LIKE A GARMENT,
12AND LIKE A MANTLE YOU WILL ROLL THEM UP;
LIKE A GARMENT THEY WILL ALSO BE CHANGED.
BUT YOU ARE THE SAME,
AND YOUR YEARS WILL NOT COME TO AN END.”
13But to which of the angels has He ever said,
“SIT AT MY RIGHT HAND,
UNTIL I MAKE YOUR ENEMIES
A FOOTSTOOL FOR YOUR FEET”?
14Are they not all ministering spirits, sent out to render service for the sake of those who will inherit salvation?
Chapter 2
1For this reason we must pay much closer attention to what we have heard, so that we do not drift away from it.
2For if the word spoken through angels proved unalterable, and every transgression and disobedience received a just penalty,
3how will we escape if we neglect so great a salvation? After it was at the first spoken through the Lord, it was confirmed to us by those who heard,
4God also testifying with them, both by signs and wonders and by various miracles and by gifts of the Holy Spirit according to His own will.
5For He did not subject to angels the world to come, concerning which we are speaking.
6But one has testified somewhere, saying,
“WHAT IS MAN, THAT YOU REMEMBER HIM?
OR THE SON OF MAN, THAT YOU ARE CONCERNED ABOUT HIM?
7“YOU HAVE MADE HIM FOR A LITTLE WHILE LOWER THAN THE ANGELS;
YOU HAVE CROWNED HIM WITH GLORY AND HONOR,
AND HAVE APPOINTED HIM OVER THE WORKS OF YOUR HANDS;
8YOU HAVE PUT ALL THINGS IN SUBJECTION UNDER HIS FEET.”
For in subjecting all things to him, He left nothing that is not subject to him. But now we do not yet see all things subjected to him.
9But we do see Him who was made for a little while lower than the angels, namely, Jesus, because of the suffering of death crowned with glory and honor, so that by the grace of God He might taste death for everyone.
10For it was fitting for Him, for whom are all things, and through whom are all things, in bringing many sons to glory, to perfect the author of their salvation through sufferings.
11For both He who sanctifies and those who are sanctified are all from one Father; for which reason He is not ashamed to call them brethren,
12saying,8Z
“I WILL PROCLAIM YOUR NAME TO MY BRETHREN,
IN THE MIDST OF THE CONGREGATION I WILL SING YOUR PRAISE.”
13And again,
“I WILL PUT MY TRUST IN HIM.”
And again,
“BEHOLD, I AND THE CHILDREN WHOM GOD HAS GIVEN ME.”
14Therefore, since the children share in flesh and blood, He Himself likewise also partook of the same, that through death He might render powerless him who had the power of death, that is, the devil,
15and might free those who through fear of death were subject to slavery all their lives.
16For assuredly He does not give help to angels, but He gives help to the descendant of Abraham.
17Therefore, He had to be made like His brethren in all things, so that He might become a merciful and faithful high priest in things pertaining to God, to make propitiation for the sins of the people.
18For since He Himself was tempted in that which He has suffered, He is able to come to the aid of those who are tempted.
Chapter 3
1Therefore, holy brethren, partakers of a heavenly calling, consider Jesus, the Apostle and High Priest of our confession;
2He was faithful to Him who appointed Him, as Moses also was in all His house.
3For He has been counted worthy of more glory than Moses, by just so much as the builder of the house has more honor than the house.
4For every house is built by someone, but the builder of all things is God.
5Now Moses was faithful in all His house as a servant, for a testimony of those things which were to be spoken later;
6but Christ was faithful as a Son over His house—whose house we are, if we hold fast our confidence and the boast of our hope firm until the end.
7Therefore, just as the Holy Spirit says,
“TODAY IF YOU HEAR HIS VOICE,
8DO NOT HARDEN YOUR HEARTS AS WHEN THEY PROVOKED ME,
AS IN THE DAY OF TRIAL IN THE WILDERNESS,
9WHERE YOUR FATHERS TRIED Me BY TESTING Me,
AND SAW MY WORKS FOR FORTY YEARS.
10“THEREFORE I WAS ANGRY WITH THIS GENERATION,
AND SAID, THEY ALWAYS GO ASTRAY IN THEIR HEART,
AND THEY DID NOT KNOW MY WAYS;
11AS I SWORE IN MY WRATH,
THEY SHALL NOT ENTER MY REST.’ ”
12Take care, brethren, that there not be in any one of you an evil, unbelieving heart that falls away from the living God.
13But encourage one another day after day, as long as it is still called “Today,” so that none of you will be hardened by the deceitfulness of sin.
14For we have become partakers of Christ, if we hold fast the beginning of our assurance firm until the end,
15while it is said,
“TODAY IF YOU HEAR HIS VOICE,
DO NOT HARDEN YOUR HEARTS, AS WHEN THEY PROVOKED ME.”
16For who provoked Him when they had heard? Indeed, did not all those who came out of Egypt led by Moses?
17And with whom was He angry for forty years? Was it not with those who sinned, whose bodies fell in the wilderness?
18And to whom did He swear that they would not enter His rest, but to those who were disobedient?
19So we see that they were not able to enter because of unbelief.
Chapter 4
1Therefore, let us fear if, while a promise remains of entering His rest, any one of you may seem to have come short of it.
2For indeed we have had good news preached to us, just as they also; but the word they heard did not profit them, because it was not united by faith in those who heard.
3For we who have believed enter that rest, just as He has said,
“AS I SWORE IN MY WRATH,
THEY SHALL NOT ENTER MY REST,”
although His works were finished from the foundation of the world.
4For He has said somewhere concerning the seventh day: “AND GOD RESTED ON THE SEVENTH DAY FROM ALL HIS WORKS”;
5and again in this passage, “THEY SHALL NOT ENTER MY REST.”
6Therefore, since it remains for some to enter it, and those who formerly had good news preached to them failed to enter because of disobedience,
7He again fixes a certain day, “Today,” saying through David after so long a time just as has been said before,
“TODAY IF YOU HEAR HIS VOICE,
DO NOT HARDEN YOUR HEARTS.”
8For if Joshua had given them rest, He would not have spoken of another day after that.
9So there remains a Sabbath rest for the people of God.
10For the one who has entered His rest has himself also rested from his works, as God did from His.
11Therefore let us be diligent to enter that rest, so that no one will fall, through following the same example of disobedience.
12For the word of God is living and active and sharper than any two-edged sword, and piercing as far as the division of soul and spirit, of both joints and marrow, and able to judge the thoughts and intentions of the heart.
13And there is no creature hidden from His sight, but all things are open and laid bare to the eyes of Him with whom we have to do.
14Therefore, since we have a great high priest who has passed through the heavens, Jesus the Son of God, let us hold fast our confession.
15For we do not have a high priest who cannot sympathize with our weaknesses, but One who has been tempted in all things as we are, yet without sin.
16Therefore let us draw near with confidence to the throne of grace, so that we may receive mercy and find grace to help in time of need.
Chapter 5
1For every high priest taken from among men is appointed on behalf of men in things pertaining to God, in order to offer both gifts and sacrifices for sins;
2he can deal gently with the ignorant and misguided, since he himself also is beset with weakness;
3and because of it he is obligated to offer sacrifices for sins, as for the people, so also for himself.
4And no one takes the honor to himself, but receives it when he is called by God, even as Aaron was.
5So also Christ did not glorify Himself so as to become a high priest, but He who said to Him,
“YOU ARE MY SON,
TODAY I HAVE BEGOTTEN YOU”;
6just as He says also in another passage,
“YOU ARE A PRIEST FOREVER
ACCORDING TO THE ORDER OF MELCHIZEDEK.”
7In the days of His flesh, He offered up both prayers and supplications with loud crying and tears to the One able to save Him from death, and He was heard because of His piety.
8Although He was a Son, He learned obedience from the things which He suffered.
9And having been made perfect, He became to all those who obey Him the source of eternal salvation,
10being designated by God as a high priest according to the order of Melchizedek.
11Concerning him we have much to say, and it is hard to explain, since you have become dull of hearing.
12For though by this time you ought to be teachers, you have need again for someone to teach you the elementary principles of the oracles of God, and you have come to need milk and not solid food.
13For everyone who partakes only of milk is not accustomed to the word of righteousness, for he is an infant.
14But solid food is for the mature, who because of practice have their senses trained to discern good and evil.
Chapter 6
1Therefore leaving the elementary teaching about the Christ, let us press on to maturity, not laying again a foundation of repentance from dead works and of faith toward God,
2of instruction about washings and laying on of hands, and the resurrection of the dead and eternal judgment.
3And this we will do, if God permits.
4For in the case of those who have once been enlightened and have tasted of the heavenly gift and have been made partakers of the Holy Spirit,
5and have tasted the good word of God and the powers of the age to come,
6and then have fallen away, it is impossible to renew them again to repentance, since they again crucify to themselves the Son of God and put Him to open shame.
7For ground that drinks the rain which often falls on it and brings forth vegetation useful to those for whose sake it is also tilled, receives a blessing from God;
8but if it yields thorns and thistles, it is worthless and close to being cursed, and it ends up being burned.
9But, beloved, we are convinced of better things concerning you, and things that accompany salvation, though we are speaking in this way.
10For God is not unjust so as to forget your work and the love which you have shown toward His name, in having ministered and in still ministering to the saints.
11And we desire that each one of you show the same diligence so as to realize the full assurance of hope until the end,
12so that you will not be sluggish, but imitators of those who through faith and patience inherit the promises.
13For when God made the promise to Abraham, since He could swear by no one greater, He swore by Himself,
14saying, “I WILL SURELY BLESS YOU AND I WILL SURELY MULTIPLY YOU.”
15And so, having patiently waited, he obtained the promise.
16For men swear by one greater than themselves, and with them an oath given as confirmation is an end of every dispute.
17In the same way God, desiring even more to show to the heirs of the promise the unchangeableness of His purpose, interposed with an oath,
18so that by two unchangeable things in which it is impossible for God to lie, we who have taken refuge would have strong encouragement to take hold of the hope set before us.
19This hope we have as an anchor of the soul, a hope both sure and steadfast and one which enters within the veil,
20where Jesus has entered as a forerunner for us, having become a high priest forever according to the order of Melchizedek.
Chapter 7
1For this Melchizedek, king of Salem, priest of the Most High God, who met Abraham as he was returning from the slaughter of the kings and blessed him,
2to whom also Abraham apportioned a tenth part of all the spoils, was first of all, by the translation of his name, king of righteousness, and then also king of Salem, which is king of peace.
3Without father, without mother, without genealogy, having neither beginning of days nor end of life, but made like the Son of God, he remains a priest perpetually.
4Now observe how great this man was to whom Abraham, the patriarch, gave a tenth of the choicest spoils.
5And those indeed of the sons of Levi who receive the priests office have commandment in the Law to collect a tenth from the people, that is, from their brethren, although these are descended from Abraham.
6But the one whose genealogy is not traced from them collected a tenth from Abraham and blessed the one who had the promises.
7But without any dispute the lesser is blessed by the greater.
8In this case mortal men receive tithes, but in that case one receives them, of whom it is witnessed that he lives on.
9And, so to speak, through Abraham even Levi, who received tithes, paid tithes,
10for he was still in the loins of his father when Melchizedek met him.
11Now if perfection was through the Levitical priesthood (for on the basis of it the people received the Law), what further need was there for another priest to arise according to the order of Melchizedek, and not be designated according to the order of Aaron?
12For when the priesthood is changed, of necessity there takes place a change of law also.
13For the one concerning whom these things are spoken belongs to another tribe, from which no one has officiated at the altar.
14For it is evident that our Lord was descended from Judah, a tribe with reference to which Moses spoke nothing concerning priests.
15And this is clearer still, if another priest arises according to the likeness of Melchizedek,
16who has become such not on the basis of a law of physical requirement, but according to the power of an indestructible life.
17For it is attested of Him,
“YOU ARE A PRIEST FOREVER
ACCORDING TO THE ORDER OF MELCHIZEDEK.”
18For, on the one hand, there is a setting aside of a former commandment because of its weakness and uselessness
19(for the Law made nothing perfect), and on the other hand there is a bringing in of a better hope, through which we draw near to God.
20And inasmuch as it was not without an oath
21(for they indeed became priests without an oath, but He with an oath through the One who said to Him,
“THE LORD HAS SWORN
AND WILL NOT CHANGE HIS MIND,
YOU ARE A PRIEST FOREVER ”);
22so much the more also Jesus has become the guarantee of a better covenant.
23The former priests, on the one hand, existed in greater numbers because they were prevented by death from continuing,
24but Jesus, on the other hand, because He continues forever, holds His priesthood permanently.
25Therefore He is able also to save forever those who draw near to God through Him, since He always lives to make intercession for them.
26For it was fitting for us to have such a high priest, holy, innocent, undefiled, separated from sinners and exalted above the heavens;
27who does not need daily, like those high priests, to offer up sacrifices, first for His own sins and then for the sins of the people, because this He did once for all when He offered up Himself.
28For the Law appoints men as high priests who are weak, but the word of the oath, which came after the Law, appoints a Son, made perfect forever.
Chapter 8
1Now the main point in what has been said is this: we have such a high priest, who has taken His seat at the right hand of the throne of the Majesty in the heavens,
2a minister in the sanctuary and in the true tabernacle, which the Lord pitched, not man.
3For every high priest is appointed to offer both gifts and sacrifices; so it is necessary that this high priest also have something to offer.
4Now if He were on earth, He would not be a priest at all, since there are those who offer the gifts according to the Law;
5who serve a copy and shadow of the heavenly things, just as Moses was warned by God when he was about to erect the tabernacle; for, “SEE,” He says, “THAT YOU MAKE all things ACCORDING TO THE PATTERN WHICH WAS SHOWN YOU ON THE MOUNTAIN.”
6But now He has obtained a more excellent ministry, by as much as He is also the mediator of a better covenant, which has been enacted on better promises.
7For if that first covenant had been faultless, there would have been no occasion sought for a second.
8For finding fault with them, He says,
“BEHOLD, DAYS ARE COMING, SAYS THE LORD,
WHEN I WILL EFFECT A NEW COVENANT
WITH THE HOUSE OF ISRAEL AND WITH THE HOUSE OF JUDAH;
9NOT LIKE THE COVENANT WHICH I MADE WITH THEIR FATHERS
ON THE DAY WHEN I TOOK THEM BY THE HAND
TO LEAD THEM OUT OF THE LAND OF EGYPT;
FOR THEY DID NOT CONTINUE IN MY COVENANT,
AND I DID NOT CARE FOR THEM, SAYS THE LORD.
10“FOR THIS IS THE COVENANT THAT I WILL MAKE WITH THE HOUSE OF ISRAEL
AFTER THOSE DAYS, SAYS THE LORD:
I WILL PUT MY LAWS INTO THEIR MINDS,
AND I WILL WRITE THEM ON THEIR HEARTS.
AND I WILL BE THEIR GOD,
AND THEY SHALL BE MY PEOPLE.
11“AND THEY SHALL NOT TEACH EVERYONE HIS FELLOW CITIZEN,
AND EVERYONE HIS BROTHER, SAYING, KNOW THE LORD,
FOR ALL WILL KNOW ME,
FROM THE LEAST TO THE GREATEST OF THEM.
12“FOR I WILL BE MERCIFUL TO THEIR INIQUITIES,
AND I WILL REMEMBER THEIR SINS NO MORE.”
13When He said, “A new covenant,” He has made the first obsolete. But whatever is becoming obsolete and growing old is ready to disappear.
Chapter 9
1Now even the first covenant had regulations of divine worship and the earthly sanctuary.
2For there was a tabernacle prepared, the outer one, in which were the lampstand and the table and the sacred bread; this is called the holy place.
3Behind the second veil there was a tabernacle which is called the Holy of Holies,
4having a golden altar of incense and the ark of the covenant covered on all sides with gold, in which was a golden jar holding the manna, and Aarons rod which budded, and the tables of the covenant;
5and above it were the cherubim of glory overshadowing the mercy seat; but of these things we cannot now speak in detail.
6Now when these things have been so prepared, the priests are continually entering the outer tabernacle performing the divine worship,
7but into the second, only the high priest enters once a year, not without taking blood, which he offers for himself and for the sins of the people committed in ignorance.
8The Holy Spirit is signifying this, that the way into the holy place has not yet been disclosed while the outer tabernacle is still standing,
9which is a symbol for the present time. Accordingly both gifts and sacrifices are offered which cannot make the worshiper perfect in conscience,
10since they relate only to food and drink and various washings, regulations for the body imposed until a time of reformation.
11But when Christ appeared as a high priest of the good things to come, He entered through the greater and more perfect tabernacle, not made with hands, that is to say, not of this creation;
12and not through the blood of goats and calves, but through His own blood, He entered the holy place once for all, having obtained eternal redemption.
13For if the blood of goats and bulls and the ashes of a heifer sprinkling those who have been defiled sanctify for the cleansing of the flesh,
14how much more will the blood of Christ, who through the eternal Spirit offered Himself without blemish to God, cleanse your conscience from dead works to serve the living God?
15For this reason He is the mediator of a new covenant, so that, since a death has taken place for the redemption of the transgressions that were committed under the first covenant, those who have been called may receive the promise of the eternal inheritance.
16For where a covenant is, there must of necessity be the death of the one who made it.
17For a covenant is valid only when men are dead, for it is never in force while the one who made it lives.
18Therefore even the first covenant was not inaugurated without blood.
19For when every commandment had been spoken by Moses to all the people according to the Law, he took the blood of the calves and the goats, with water and scarlet wool and hyssop, and sprinkled both the book itself and all the people,
20saying, “THIS IS THE BLOOD OF THE COVENANT WHICH GOD COMMANDED YOU.”
21And in the same way he sprinkled both the tabernacle and all the vessels of the ministry with the blood.
22And according to the Law, one may almost say, all things are cleansed with blood, and without shedding of blood there is no forgiveness.
23Therefore it was necessary for the copies of the things in the heavens to be cleansed with these, but the heavenly things themselves with better sacrifices than these.
24For Christ did not enter a holy place made with hands, a mere copy of the true one, but into heaven itself, now to appear in the presence of God for us;
25nor was it that He would offer Himself often, as the high priest enters the holy place year by year with blood that is not his own.
26Otherwise, He would have needed to suffer often since the foundation of the world; but now once at the consummation of the ages He has been manifested to put away sin by the sacrifice of Himself.
27And inasmuch as it is appointed for men to die once and after this comes judgment,
28so Christ also, having been offered once to bear the sins of many, will appear a second time for salvation without reference to sin, to those who eagerly await Him.
Chapter 10
1For the Law, since it has only a shadow of the good things to come and not the very form of things, can never, by the same sacrifices which they offer continually year by year, make perfect those who draw near.
2Otherwise, would they not have ceased to be offered, because the worshipers, having once been cleansed, would no longer have had consciousness of sins?
3But in those sacrifices there is a reminder of sins year by year.
4For it is impossible for the blood of bulls and goats to take away sins.
5Therefore, when He comes into the world, He says,
“SACRIFICE AND OFFERING YOU HAVE NOT DESIRED,
BUT A BODY YOU HAVE PREPARED FOR ME;
6IN WHOLE BURNT OFFERINGS AND sacrifices FOR SIN YOU HAVE TAKEN NO PLEASURE.
7“THEN I SAID, BEHOLD, I HAVE COME
(IN THE SCROLL OF THE BOOK IT IS WRITTEN OF ME)
TO DO YOUR WILL, O GOD.’ ”
8After saying above, “SACRIFICES AND OFFERINGS AND WHOLE BURNT OFFERINGS AND sacrifices FOR SIN YOU HAVE NOT DESIRED, NOR HAVE YOU TAKEN PLEASURE in them” (which are offered according to the Law),
9then He said, “BEHOLD, I HAVE COME TO DO YOUR WILL.” He takes away the first in order to establish the second.
10By this will we have been sanctified through the offering of the body of Jesus Christ once for all.
11Every priest stands daily ministering and offering time after time the same sacrifices, which can never take away sins;
12but He, having offered one sacrifice for sins for all time, SAT DOWN AT THE RIGHT HAND OF GOD,
13waiting from that time onward UNTIL HIS ENEMIES BE MADE A FOOTSTOOL FOR HIS FEET.
14For by one offering He has perfected for all time those who are sanctified.
15And the Holy Spirit also testifies to us; for after saying,
16“THIS IS THE COVENANT THAT I WILL MAKE WITH THEM
AFTER THOSE DAYS, SAYS THE LORD:
I WILL PUT MY LAWS UPON THEIR HEART,
AND ON THEIR MIND I WILL WRITE THEM,”
He then says,
17“AND THEIR SINS AND THEIR LAWLESS DEEDS
I WILL REMEMBER NO MORE.”
18Now where there is forgiveness of these things, there is no longer any offering for sin.
19Therefore, brethren, since we have confidence to enter the holy place by the blood of Jesus,
20by a new and living way which He inaugurated for us through the veil, that is, His flesh,
21and since we have a great priest over the house of God,
22let us draw near with a sincere heart in full assurance of faith, having our hearts sprinkled clean from an evil conscience and our bodies washed with pure water.
23Let us hold fast the confession of our hope without wavering, for He who promised is faithful;
24and let us consider how to stimulate one another to love and good deeds,
25not forsaking our own assembling together, as is the habit of some, but encouraging one another; and all the more as you see the day drawing near.
26For if we go on sinning willfully after receiving the knowledge of the truth, there no longer remains a sacrifice for sins,
27but a terrifying expectation of judgment and THE FURY OF A FIRE WHICH WILL CONSUME THE ADVERSARIES.
28Anyone who has set aside the Law of Moses dies without mercy on the testimony of two or three witnesses.
29How much severer punishment do you think he will deserve who has trampled under foot the Son of God, and has regarded as unclean the blood of the covenant by which he was sanctified, and has insulted the Spirit of grace?
30For we know Him who said, “VENGEANCE IS MINE, I WILL REPAY.” And again, “THE LORD WILL JUDGE HIS PEOPLE.”
31It is a terrifying thing to fall into the hands of the living God.
32But remember the former days, when, after being enlightened, you endured a great conflict of sufferings,
33partly by being made a public spectacle through reproaches and tribulations, and partly by becoming sharers with those who were so treated.
34For you showed sympathy to the prisoners and accepted joyfully the seizure of your property, knowing that you have for yourselves a better possession and a lasting one.
35Therefore, do not throw away your confidence, which has a great reward.
36For you have need of endurance, so that when you have done the will of God, you may receive what was promised.
37FOR YET IN A VERY LITTLE WHILE,
HE WHO IS COMING WILL COME, AND WILL NOT DELAY.
38BUT MY RIGHTEOUS ONE SHALL LIVE BY FAITH;
AND IF HE SHRINKS BACK, MY SOUL HAS NO PLEASURE IN HIM.
39But we are not of those who shrink back to destruction, but of those who have faith to the preserving of the soul.
Chapter 11
1Now faith is the assurance of things hoped for, the conviction of things not seen.
2For by it the men of old gained approval.
3By faith we understand that the worlds were prepared by the word of God, so that what is seen was not made out of things which are visible.
4By faith Abel offered to God a better sacrifice than Cain, through which he obtained the testimony that he was righteous, God testifying about his gifts, and through faith, though he is dead, he still speaks.
5By faith Enoch was taken up so that he would not see death; AND HE WAS NOT FOUND BECAUSE GOD TOOK HIM UP; for he obtained the witness that before his being taken up he was pleasing to God.
6And without faith it is impossible to please Him, for he who comes to God must believe that He is and that He is a rewarder of those who seek Him.
7By faith Noah, being warned by God about things not yet seen, in reverence prepared an ark for the salvation of his household, by which he condemned the world, and became an heir of the righteousness which is according to faith.
8By faith Abraham, when he was called, obeyed by going out to a place which he was to receive for an inheritance; and he went out, not knowing where he was going.
9By faith he lived as an alien in the land of promise, as in a foreign land, dwelling in tents with Isaac and Jacob, fellow heirs of the same promise;
10for he was looking for the city which has foundations, whose architect and builder is God.
11By faith even Sarah herself received ability to conceive, even beyond the proper time of life, since she considered Him faithful who had promised.
12Therefore there was born even of one man, and him as good as dead at that, as many descendants AS THE STARS OF HEAVEN IN NUMBER, AND INNUMERABLE AS THE SAND WHICH IS BY THE SEASHORE.
13All these died in faith, without receiving the promises, but having seen them and having welcomed them from a distance, and having confessed that they were strangers and exiles on the earth.
14For those who say such things make it clear that they are seeking a country of their own.
15And indeed if they had been thinking of that country from which they went out, they would have had opportunity to return.
16But as it is, they desire a better country, that is, a heavenly one. Therefore God is not ashamed to be called their God; for He has prepared a city for them.
17By faith Abraham, when he was tested, offered up Isaac, and he who had received the promises was offering up his only begotten son;
18it was he to whom it was said, “IN ISAAC YOUR DESCENDANTS SHALL BE CALLED.”
19He considered that God is able to raise people even from the dead, from which he also received him back as a type.
20By faith Isaac blessed Jacob and Esau, even regarding things to come.
21By faith Jacob, as he was dying, blessed each of the sons of Joseph, and worshiped, leaning on the top of his staff.
22By faith Joseph, when he was dying, made mention of the exodus of the sons of Israel, and gave orders concerning his bones.
23By faith Moses, when he was born, was hidden for three months by his parents, because they saw he was a beautiful child; and they were not afraid of the kings edict.
24By faith Moses, when he had grown up, refused to be called the son of Pharaohs daughter,
25choosing rather to endure ill-treatment with the people of God than to enjoy the passing pleasures of sin,
26considering the reproach of Christ greater riches than the treasures of Egypt; for he was looking to the reward.
27By faith he left Egypt, not fearing the wrath of the king; for he endured, as seeing Him who is unseen.
28By faith he kept the Passover and the sprinkling of the blood, so that he who destroyed the firstborn would not touch them.
29By faith they passed through the Red Sea as though they were passing through dry land; and the Egyptians, when they attempted it, were drowned.
30By faith the walls of Jericho fell down after they had been encircled for seven days.
31By faith Rahab the harlot did not perish along with those who were disobedient, after she had welcomed the spies in peace.
32And what more shall I say? For time will fail me if I tell of Gideon, Barak, Samson, Jephthah, of David and Samuel and the prophets,
33who by faith conquered kingdoms, performed acts of righteousness, obtained promises, shut the mouths of lions,
34quenched the power of fire, escaped the edge of the sword, from weakness were made strong, became mighty in war, put foreign armies to flight.
35Women received back their dead by resurrection; and others were tortured, not accepting their release, so that they might obtain a better resurrection;
36and others experienced mockings and scourgings, yes, also chains and imprisonment.
37They were stoned, they were sawn in two, they were tempted, they were put to death with the sword; they went about in sheepskins, in goatskins, being destitute, afflicted, ill-treated
38(men of whom the world was not worthy), wandering in deserts and mountains and caves and holes in the ground.
39And all these, having gained approval through their faith, did not receive what was promised,
40because God had provided something better for us, so that apart from us they would not be made perfect.
Chapter 12
1Therefore, since we have so great a cloud of witnesses surrounding us, let us also lay aside every encumbrance and the sin which so easily entangles us, and let us run with endurance the race that is set before us,
2fixing our eyes on Jesus, the author and perfecter of faith, who for the joy set before Him endured the cross, despising the shame, and has sat down at the right hand of the throne of God.
3For consider Him who has endured such hostility by sinners against Himself, so that you will not grow weary and lose heart.
4You have not yet resisted to the point of shedding blood in your striving against sin;
5and you have forgotten the exhortation which is addressed to you as sons,
“MY SON, DO NOT REGARD LIGHTLY THE DISCIPLINE OF THE LORD,
NOR FAINT WHEN YOU ARE REPROVED BY HIM;
6FOR THOSE WHOM THE LORD LOVES HE DISCIPLINES,
AND HE SCOURGES EVERY SON WHOM HE RECEIVES.”
7It is for discipline that you endure; God deals with you as with sons; for what son is there whom his father does not discipline?
8But if you are without discipline, of which all have become partakers, then you are illegitimate children and not sons.
9Furthermore, we had earthly fathers to discipline us, and we respected them; shall we not much rather be subject to the Father of spirits, and live?
10For they disciplined us for a short time as seemed best to them, but He disciplines us for our good, so that we may share His holiness.
11All discipline for the moment seems not to be joyful, but sorrowful; yet to those who have been trained by it, afterwards it yields the peaceful fruit of righteousness.
12Therefore, strengthen the hands that are weak and the knees that are feeble,
13and make straight paths for your feet, so that the limb which is lame may not be put out of joint, but rather be healed.
14Pursue peace with all men, and the sanctification without which no one will see the Lord.
15See to it that no one comes short of the grace of God; that no root of bitterness springing up causes trouble, and by it many be defiled;
16that there be no immoral or godless person like Esau, who sold his own birthright for a single meal.
17For you know that even afterwards, when he desired to inherit the blessing, he was rejected, for he found no place for repentance, though he sought for it with tears.
18For you have not come to a mountain that can be touched and to a blazing fire, and to darkness and gloom and whirlwind,
19and to the blast of a trumpet and the sound of words which sound was such that those who heard begged that no further word be spoken to them.
20For they could not bear the command, “IF EVEN A BEAST TOUCHES THE MOUNTAIN, IT WILL BE STONED.”
21And so terrible was the sight, that Moses said, “I AM FULL OF FEAR and trembling.”
22But you have come to Mount Zion and to the city of the living God, the heavenly Jerusalem, and to myriads of angels,
23to the general assembly and church of the firstborn who are enrolled in heaven, and to God, the Judge of all, and to the spirits of the righteous made perfect,
24and to Jesus, the mediator of a new covenant, and to the sprinkled blood, which speaks better than the blood of Abel.
25See to it that you do not refuse Him who is speaking. For if those did not escape when they refused him who warned them on earth, much less will we escape who turn away from Him who warns from heaven.
26And His voice shook the earth then, but now He has promised, saying, “YET ONCE MORE I WILL SHAKE NOT ONLY THE EARTH, BUT ALSO THE HEAVEN.”
27This expression, “Yet once more,” denotes the removing of those things which can be shaken, as of created things, so that those things which cannot be shaken may remain.
28Therefore, since we receive a kingdom which cannot be shaken, let us show gratitude, by which we may offer to God an acceptable service with reverence and awe;
29for our God is a consuming fire.
Chapter 13
1Let love of the brethren continue.
2Do not neglect to show hospitality to strangers, for by this some have entertained angels without knowing it.
3Remember the prisoners, as though in prison with them, and those who are ill-treated, since you yourselves also are in the body.
4Marriage is to be held in honor among all, and the marriage bed is to be undefiled; for fornicators and adulterers God will judge.
5Make sure that your character is free from the love of money, being content with what you have; for He Himself has said, “I WILL NEVER DESERT YOU, NOR WILL I EVER FORSAKE YOU,”
6so that we confidently say,
“THE LORD IS MY HELPER, I WILL NOT BE AFRAID.
WHAT WILL MAN DO TO ME?”
7Remember those who led you, who spoke the word of God to you; and considering the result of their conduct, imitate their faith.
8Jesus Christ is the same yesterday and today and forever.
9Do not be carried away by varied and strange teachings; for it is good for the heart to be strengthened by grace, not by foods, through which those who were so occupied were not benefited.
10We have an altar from which those who serve the tabernacle have no right to eat.
11For the bodies of those animals whose blood is brought into the holy place by the high priest as an offering for sin, are burned outside the camp.
12Therefore Jesus also, that He might sanctify the people through His own blood, suffered outside the gate.
13So, let us go out to Him outside the camp, bearing His reproach.
14For here we do not have a lasting city, but we are seeking the city which is to come.
15Through Him then, let us continually offer up a sacrifice of praise to God, that is, the fruit of lips that give thanks to His name.
16And do not neglect doing good and sharing, for with such sacrifices God is pleased.
17Obey your leaders and submit to them, for they keep watch over your souls as those who will give an account. Let them do this with joy and not with grief, for this would be unprofitable for you.
18Pray for us, for we are sure that we have a good conscience, desiring to conduct ourselves honorably in all things.
19And I urge you all the more to do this, so that I may be restored to you the sooner.
20Now the God of peace, who brought up from the dead the great Shepherd of the sheep through the blood of the eternal covenant, even Jesus our Lord,
21equip you in every good thing to do His will, working in us that which is pleasing in His sight, through Jesus Christ, to whom be the glory forever and ever. Amen.
22But I urge you, brethren, bear with this word of exhortation, for I have written to you briefly.
23Take notice that our brother Timothy has been released, with whom, if he comes soon, I will see you.
24Greet all of your leaders and all the saints. Those from Italy greet you.
25Grace be with you all.
New American Standard Bible: 1995 update. (1995). (Heb 1Jas). La Habra, CA: The Lockman Foundation.

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Theme: ?
1. Christ is the final, ultimate messenger (chapter 1)
1. He is heir of all things
2. He is the means of creation
3. He is the radiance of His glory
4. He is the exact representation of His nature
5. He upholds all things by the word of His power
6. He made purification of sins
7. He sat down at the right hand of God
8. He became better than the angels
1. God has declared Him a son
2. God declares that all angels should work Him
3. Angels are God's ministers
4. Christ has a throne
5. Christ remains forever
6. Christ will rule his enemies
7. Angels are ministers to the inheritors
2. Pay attention to the message (chapter 2:1-4)
1. So that we do not drift
2. We will not escape if we neglect it
3. After Christ spoke of it:
1. Apostles confirmed what they heard by preaching
2. God confirmed what the apostles taught by signs, miracles, wonders
3. Men will rule the world to come (chapter 2:5-8)
1. Angels do not have this privilege
2. Man
1. Is temporarily lower than the angels
2. Crowned with glory and honor
3. Appointed over all creation
4. Having all things put in subjection
5. Does not yet have all things subjected to him
4.

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Theme: Christ is superior to all, so be faithful to Him.
Key verses:
Hebrews 2:14
1 For this reason we must pay much closer attention to what we have heard, so that we do not drift away from it.
2 For if the word spoken through angels proved unalterable, and every transgression and disobedience received a just penalty,
3 how will we escape if we neglect so great a salvation? After it was at the first spoken through the Lord, it was confirmed to us by those who heard,
4 God also testifying with them, both by signs and wonders and by various miracles and by gifts of the Holy Spirit according to His own will.
Outline
1. Chapter 1: Christ is superior to all messengers, listen to Him
2. Chapter 2-7: Christ is superior to any high priest
1. Chapter 2: Confide in Him (He became like us)_Because He was humbled and suffered all temptations like us, we can confide in Him as our high priest._
2. Chapter 3: Follow Him (He's a greater leader than Moses)_Moses was a servant in the house of God, Christ is a son and, therefore, worth of more honor than Moses._
3. Chapter 4: Rest in Him (His rest is final, but entry is temporary)_There is a limited time to enter His perfect, final rest. Enter it now!_
4. Chapter 5: Obey Him (He is the source of salvation)_Because He became a man, He learned obedience Himself, becoming perfect in the process and, therefore, the source of salvation for us, if we obey Him._
5. Chapter 6: Mature in Him (His priesthood is enlightening)_Once one understands Christ's priesthood, it enlightens us to the truth that sin is dealt with. We can now move on to maturity in Christ, working good._
6. Chapter 7: Draw near to Him (His priesthood is forever)_Because His priesthood is after the order of Melchizedek and not Aaron, His priesthood is forever and He is, therefore, able to save forever. So, draw near to Him and no longer draw near to the old priesthood._
3. Chapter 8-9: Christ initiated a superior covenant
1. Chapter 8: New covenant = better ministry, in the true tabernacle
2. Chapter 9: New covenant = better sacrifice, one time giving of the perfect lamb
4. Chapter 10: Christ is the superior sacrifice
5. Chapter 11-12: Many others made it
6. Chapter 13: Reminders

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1. Blessed is the man
1. Relationship to the wicked
1. Walks not in the counsel of the ungodly
2. Stands not in the path of sinners
3. Sits not in the seat of the scornful
2. Relationship to the Lord
1. Delights in the law of the Lord
2. Meditates on His law day and night
3. Like a tree
1. Planted by rivers of water
2. Brings forth fruit in its season
3. Leaf does not wither
4. Whatever he does prospers
2. Ungodly man
1. Not like the blessed man
2. Like chaff driven away by the wind
3. Will not stand in the judgement
4. Will not stand in congregation of the righteous
3. Summary
1. The way of the righteous is known by the Lord
2. The way of the ungodly shall perish
A. Righteous chooses to separate from unrighteous
B. Righteous loves the Law of the Lord
C. Righteous is firmly planted (like tree)
D. Righteous is prosperous
D'. Ungodly is not prosperous
C'. Ungodly is not planted at all (like chaff)
B'. Ungodly fails under judgement
A'. Ungodly forcibly removed from among the righteous
A. The Lord knowns the way of the righteous
A'. The way of the ungodly perishes

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> [!caution] This page contained a drawing which was not converted.
Psalm 130
A Song of Ascents.
1 Out of the depths I have cried to You, O LORD.
2 Lord, hear my voice! Let Your ears be attentive To the voice of my supplications.
3 If You, LORD, should mark iniquities, O Lord, who could stand?
4 But there is forgiveness with You, That You may be feared.
5 I wait for the LORD, my soul does wait, And in His word do I hope.
6 My soul waits for the Lord More than the watchmen for the morning; Indeed, more than the watchmen for the morning.
7 O Israel, hope in the LORD; For with the LORD there is lovingkindness, And with Him is abundant redemption.
8 And He will redeem Israel From all his iniquities.

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1. Rebels speak to God
1. Their mindset
1. Rage
2. Plotting vanity
2. The context of their speaking
1. Taking counsel together
2. Taking counsel against the Lord
3. Taking counsel against His Anointed
3. They say they will break their bonds
2. God speaks to the rebels
1. His mindset
1. Laughing
2. Derision
2. The context of His speaking
1. Wrath
2. Deep displeasure
3. He says He has set His King on His holy hill
3. The Anointed speaks to all
1. You are my Son
2. I will give You the nations as Your inheritance
3. You shall break the nations
4. The psalmist speaks to the rebels
1. Be wise
2. Be instructed
3. Serve the Lord
4. Rejoice
5. Kiss the Son
6. Blessed are those who trust in the Son

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1. David's enemies
1. …are increasing
2. …are rising up against him
3. …are saying, "There is no help for him in God."
2.

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> [!caution] This page contained a drawing which was not converted.
1:1 Paul, a bond-servant of Christ Jesus, called as an apostle, set apart for the gospel of God,
1:2 which He promised beforehand through His prophets in the holy Scriptures,
1:3 concerning His Son, who was born of a descendant of David according to the flesh,
1:4 who was declared the Son of God with power by the resurrection from the dead, according to the Spirit of holiness, Jesus Christ our Lord,
1:5 through whom we have received grace and apostleship to bring about the obedience of faith among all the Gentiles for His names sake,
1:6 among whom you also are the called of Jesus Christ;
1:7 to all who are beloved of God in Rome, called as saints: Grace to you and peace from God our Father and the Lord Jesus Christ.
1:8 First, I thank my God through Jesus Christ for you all, because your faith is being proclaimed throughout the whole world.
1:9 For God, whom I serve in my spirit in the preaching of the gospel of His Son, is my witness as to how unceasingly I make mention of you,
1:10 always in my prayers making request, if perhaps now at last by the will of God I may succeed in coming to you.
1:11 For I long to see you so that I may impart some spiritual gift to you, that you may be established;
1:12 that is, that I may be encouraged together with you while among you, each of us by the others faith, both yours and mine.
1:13 I do not want you to be unaware, brethren, that often I have planned to come to you (and have been prevented so far) so that I may obtain some fruit among you also, even as among the rest of the Gentiles.
1:14 I am under obligation both to Greeks and to barbarians, both to the wise and to the foolish.
1:15 So, for my part, I am eager to preach the gospel to you also who are in Rome.
1:16 For I am not ashamed of the gospel, for it is the power of God for salvation to everyone who believes, to the Jew first and also to the Greek.
1:17 For in it the righteousness of God is revealed from faith to faith; as it is written, “But the righteous man shall live by faith.”
1:18 For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men who suppress the truth in unrighteousness,
1:19 because that which is known about God is evident within them; for God made it evident to them.
1:20 For since the creation of the world His invisible attributes, His eternal power and divine nature, have been clearly seen, being understood through what has been made, so that they are without excuse.
1:21 For even though they knew God, they did not honor Him as God or give thanks, but they became futile in their speculations, and their foolish heart was darkened.
1:22 Professing to be wise, they became fools,
1:23 and exchanged the glory of the incorruptible God for an image in the form of corruptible man and of birds and four-footed animals and crawling creatures.
1:24 Therefore God gave them over in the lusts of their hearts to impurity, so that their bodies would be dishonored among them.
1:25 For they exchanged the truth of God for a lie, and worshiped and served the creature rather than the Creator, who is blessed forever. Amen.
1:26 For this reason God gave them over to degrading passions; for their women exchanged the natural function for that which is unnatural,
1:27 and in the same way also the men abandoned the natural function of the woman and burned in their desire toward one another, men with men committing indecent acts and receiving in their own persons the due penalty of their error.
1:28 And just as they did not see fit to acknowledge God any longer, God gave them over to a depraved mind, to do those things which are not proper,
1:29 being filled with all unrighteousness, wickedness, greed, evil; full of envy, murder, strife, deceit, malice; they are gossips,
1:30 slanderers, haters of God, insolent, arrogant, boastful, inventors of evil, disobedient to parents,
1:31 without understanding, untrustworthy, unloving, unmerciful;
1:32 and although they know the ordinance of God, that those who practice such things are worthy of death, they not only do the same, but also give hearty approval to those who practice them.
2:1 Therefore you have no excuse, everyone of you who passes judgment, for in that which you judge another, you condemn yourself; for you who judge practice the same things.
2:2 And we know that the judgment of God rightly falls upon those who practice such things.
2:3 But do you suppose this, O man, when you pass judgment on those who practice such things and do the same yourself, that you will escape the judgment of God?
2:4 Or do you think lightly of the riches of His kindness and tolerance and patience, not knowing that the kindness of God leads you to repentance?
2:5 But because of your stubbornness and unrepentant heart you are storing up wrath for yourself in the day of wrath and revelation of the righteous judgment of God,
2:6 who will render to each person according to his deeds:
2:7 to those who by perseverance in doing good seek for glory and honor and immortality, eternal life;
2:8 but to those who are selfishly ambitious and do not obey the truth, but obey unrighteousness, wrath and indignation.
2:9 There will be tribulation and distress for every soul of man who does evil, of the Jew first and also of the Greek,
2:10 but glory and honor and peace to everyone who does good, to the Jew first and also to the Greek.
2:11 For there is no partiality with God.
2:12 For all who have sinned without the Law will also perish without the Law, and all who have sinned under the Law will be judged by the Law;
2:13 for it is not the hearers of the Law who are just before God, but the doers of the Law will be justified.
2:14 For when Gentiles who do not have the Law do instinctively the things of the Law, these, not having the Law, are a law to themselves,
2:15 in that they show the work of the Law written in their hearts, their conscience bearing witness and their thoughts alternately accusing or else defending them,
2:16 on the day when, according to my gospel, God will judge the secrets of men through Christ Jesus.
2:17 But if you bear the name “Jew” and rely upon the Law and boast in God,
2:18 and know His will and approve the things that are essential, being instructed out of the Law,
2:19 and are confident that you yourself are a guide to the blind, a light to those who are in darkness,
2:20 a corrector of the foolish, a teacher of the immature, having in the Law the embodiment of knowledge and of the truth,
2:21 you, therefore, who teach another, do you not teach yourself? You who preach that one shall not steal, do you steal?
2:22 You who say that one should not commit adultery, do you commit adultery? You who abhor idols, do you rob temples?
2:23 You who boast in the Law, through your breaking the Law, do you dishonor God?
2:24 For “the name of God is blasphemed among the Gentiles because of you,” just as it is written.
2:25 For indeed circumcision is of value if you practice the Law; but if you are a transgressor of the Law, your circumcision has become uncircumcision.
2:26 So if the uncircumcised man keeps the requirements of the Law, will not his uncircumcision be regarded as circumcision?
2:27 And he who is physically uncircumcised, if he keeps the Law, will he not judge you who though having the letter of the Law and circumcision are a transgressor of the Law?
2:28 For he is not a Jew who is one outwardly, nor is circumcision that which is outward in the flesh.
2:29 But he is a Jew who is one inwardly; and circumcision is that which is of the heart, by the Spirit, not by the letter; and his praise is not from men, but from God.
3:1 Then what advantage has the Jew? Or what is the benefit of circumcision?
3:2 Great in every respect. First of all, that they were entrusted with the oracles of God.
3:3 What then? If some did not believe, their unbelief will not nullify the faithfulness of God, will it?
3:4 May it never be! Rather, let God be found true, though every man be found a liar, as it is written, “That You may be justified in Your words, And prevail when You are judged.”
3:5 But if our unrighteousness demonstrates the righteousness of God, what shall we say? The God who inflicts wrath is not unrighteous, is He? (I am speaking in human terms.)
3:6 May it never be! For otherwise, how will God judge the world?
3:7 But if through my lie the truth of God abounded to His glory, why am I also still being judged as a sinner?
3:8 And why not say (as we are slanderously reported and as some claim that we say), “Let us do evil that good may come”? Their condemnation is just.
3:9 What then? Are we better than they? Not at all; for we have already charged that both Jews and Greeks are all under sin;
3:10 as it is written, “There is none righteous, not even one;
3:11 There is none who understands, There is none who seeks for God;
3:12 All have turned aside, together they have become useless; There is none who does good, There is not even one.”
3:13 “Their throat is an open grave, With their tongues they keep deceiving,” “The poison of asps is under their lips”;
3:14 “Whose mouth is full of cursing and bitterness”;
3:15 “Their feet are swift to shed blood,
3:16 Destruction and misery are in their paths,
3:17 And the path of peace they have not known.”
3:18 “There is no fear of God before their eyes.”
3:19 Now we know that whatever the Law says, it speaks to those who are under the Law, so that every mouth may be closed and all the world may become accountable to God;
3:20 because by the works of the Law no flesh will be justified in His sight; for through the Law comes the knowledge of sin.
3:21 But now apart from the Law the righteousness of God has been manifested, being witnessed by the Law and the Prophets,
3:22 even the righteousness of God through faith in Jesus Christ for all those who believe; for there is no distinction;
3:23 for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God,
3:24 being justified as a gift by His grace through the redemption which is in Christ Jesus;
3:25 whom God displayed publicly as a propitiation in His blood through faith. This was to demonstrate His righteousness, because in the forbearance of God He passed over the sins previously committed;
3:26 for the demonstration, I say, of His righteousness at the present time, so that He would be just and the justifier of the one who has faith in Jesus.
3:27 Where then is boasting? It is excluded. By what kind of law? Of works? No, but by a law of faith.
3:28 For we maintain that a man is justified by faith apart from works of the Law.
3:29 Or is God the God of Jews only? Is He not the God of Gentiles also? Yes, of Gentiles also,
3:30 since indeed God who will justify the circumcised by faith and the uncircumcised through faith is one.
3:31 Do we then nullify the Law through faith? May it never be! On the contrary, we establish the Law.
4:1 What then shall we say that Abraham, our forefather according to the flesh, has found?
4:2 For if Abraham was justified by works, he has something to boast about, but not before God.
4:3 For what does the Scripture say? “Abraham believed God, and it was credited to him as righteousness.”
4:4 Now to the one who works, his wage is not credited as a favor, but as what is due.
4:5 But to the one who does not work, but believes in Him who justifies the ungodly, his faith is credited as righteousness,
4:6 just as David also speaks of the blessing on the man to whom God credits righteousness apart from works:
4:7 “Blessed are those whose lawless deeds have been forgiven, And whose sins have been covered.
4:8 “Blessed is the man whose sin the Lord will not take into account.”
4:9 Is this blessing then on the circumcised, or on the uncircumcised also? For we say, “Faith was credited to Abraham as righteousness.”
4:10 How then was it credited? While he was circumcised, or uncircumcised? Not while circumcised, but while uncircumcised;
4:11 and he received the sign of circumcision, a seal of the righteousness of the faith which he had while uncircumcised, so that he might be the father of all who believe without being circumcised, that righteousness might be credited to them,
4:12 and the father of circumcision to those who not only are of the circumcision, but who also follow in the steps of the faith of our father Abraham which he had while uncircumcised.
4:13 For the promise to Abraham or to his descendants that he would be heir of the world was not through the Law, but through the righteousness of faith.
4:14 For if those who are of the Law are heirs, faith is made void and the promise is nullified;
4:15 for the Law brings about wrath, but where there is no law, there also is no violation.
4:16 For this reason it is by faith, in order that it may be in accordance with grace, so that the promise will be guaranteed to all the descendants, not only to those who are of the Law, but also to those who are of the faith of Abraham, who is the father of us all,
4:17 (as it is written, “A father of many nations have I made you”) in the presence of Him whom he believed, even God, who gives life to the dead and calls into being that which does not exist.
4:18 In hope against hope he believed, so that he might become a father of many nations according to that which had been spoken, “So shall your descendants be.”
4:19 Without becoming weak in faith he contemplated his own body, now as good as dead since he was about a hundred years old, and the deadness of Sarahs womb;
4:20 yet, with respect to the promise of God, he did not waver in unbelief but grew strong in faith, giving glory to God,
4:21 and being fully assured that what God had promised, He was able also to perform.
4:22 Therefore it was also credited to him as righteousness.
4:23 Now not for his sake only was it written that it was credited to him,
4:24 but for our sake also, to whom it will be credited, as those who believe in Him who raised Jesus our Lord from the dead,
4:25 He who was delivered over because of our transgressions, and was raised because of our justification.
5:1 Therefore, having been justified by faith, we have peace with God through our Lord Jesus Christ,
5:2 through whom also we have obtained our introduction by faith into this grace in which we stand; and we exult in hope of the glory of God.
5:3 And not only this, but we also exult in our tribulations, knowing that tribulation brings about perseverance;
5:4 and perseverance, proven character; and proven character, hope;
5:5 and hope does not disappoint, because the love of God has been poured out within our hearts through the Holy Spirit who was given to us.
5:6 For while we were still helpless, at the right time Christ died for the ungodly.
5:7 For one will hardly die for a righteous man; though perhaps for the good man someone would dare even to die.
5:8 But God demonstrates His own love toward us, in that while we were yet sinners, Christ died for us.
5:9 Much more then, having now been justified by His blood, we shall be saved from the wrath of God through Him.
5:10 For if while we were enemies we were reconciled to God through the death of His Son, much more, having been reconciled, we shall be saved by His life.
5:11 And not only this, but we also exult in God through our Lord Jesus Christ, through whom we have now received the reconciliation.
5:12 Therefore, just as through one man sin entered into the world, and death through sin, and so death spread to all men, because all sinned—
5:13 for until the Law sin was in the world, but sin is not imputed when there is no law.
5:14 Nevertheless death reigned from Adam until Moses, even over those who had not sinned in the likeness of the offense of Adam, who is a type of Him who was to come.
5:15 But the free gift is not like the transgression. For if by the transgression of the one the many died, much more did the grace of God and the gift by the grace of the one Man, Jesus Christ, abound to the many.
5:16 The gift is not like that which came through the one who sinned; for on the one hand the judgment arose from one transgression resulting in condemnation, but on the other hand the free gift arose from many transgressions resulting in justification.
5:17 For if by the transgression of the one, death reigned through the one, much more those who receive the abundance of grace and of the gift of righteousness will reign in life through the One, Jesus Christ.
5:18 So then as through one transgression there resulted condemnation to all men, even so through one act of righteousness there resulted justification of life to all men.
5:19 For as through the one mans disobedience the many were made sinners, even so through the obedience of the One the many will be made righteous.
5:20 The Law came in so that the transgression would increase; but where sin increased, grace abounded all the more,
5:21 so that, as sin reigned in death, even so grace would reign through righteousness to eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord.
6:1 What shall we say then? Are we to continue in sin so that grace may increase?
6:2 May it never be! How shall we who died to sin still live in it?
6:3 Or do you not know that all of us who have been baptized into Christ Jesus have been baptized into His death?
6:4 Therefore we have been buried with Him through baptism into death, so that as Christ was raised from the dead through the glory of the Father, so we too might walk in newness of life.
6:5 For if we have become united with Him in the likeness of His death, certainly we shall also be in the likeness of His resurrection,
6:6 knowing this, that our old self was crucified with Him, in order that our body of sin might be done away with, so that we would no longer be slaves to sin;
6:7 for he who has died is freed from sin.
6:8 Now if we have died with Christ, we believe that we shall also live with Him,
6:9 knowing that Christ, having been raised from the dead, is never to die again; death no longer is master over Him.
6:10 For the death that He died, He died to sin once for all; but the life that He lives, He lives to God.
6:11 Even so consider yourselves to be dead to sin, but alive to God in Christ Jesus.
6:12 Therefore do not let sin reign in your mortal body so that you obey its lusts,
6:13 and do not go on presenting the members of your body to sin as instruments of unrighteousness; but present yourselves to God as those alive from the dead, and your members as instruments of righteousness to God.
6:14 For sin shall not be master over you, for you are not under law but under grace.
6:15 What then? Shall we sin because we are not under law but under grace? May it never be!
6:16 Do you not know that when you present yourselves to someone as slaves for obedience, you are slaves of the one whom you obey, either of sin resulting in death, or of obedience resulting in righteousness?
6:17 But thanks be to God that though you were slaves of sin, you became obedient from the heart to that form of teaching to which you were committed,
6:18 and having been freed from sin, you became slaves of righteousness.
6:19 I am speaking in human terms because of the weakness of your flesh. For just as you presented your members as slaves to impurity and to lawlessness, resulting in further lawlessness, so now present your members as slaves to righteousness, resulting in sanctification.
6:20 For when you were slaves of sin, you were free in regard to righteousness.
6:21 Therefore what benefit were you then deriving from the things of which you are now ashamed? For the outcome of those things is death.
6:22 But now having been freed from sin and enslaved to God, you derive your benefit, resulting in sanctification, and the outcome, eternal life.
6:23 For the wages of sin is death, but the free gift of God is eternal life in Christ Jesus our Lord.
7:1 Or do you not know, brethren (for I am speaking to those who know the law), that the law has jurisdiction over a person as long as he lives?
7:2 For the married woman is bound by law to her husband while he is living; but if her husband dies, she is released from the law concerning the husband.
7:3 So then, if while her husband is living she is joined to another man, she shall be called an adulteress; but if her husband dies, she is free from the law, so that she is not an adulteress though she is joined to another man.
7:4 Therefore, my brethren, you also were made to die to the Law through the body of Christ, so that you might be joined to another, to Him who was raised from the dead, in order that we might bear fruit for God.
7:5 For while we were in the flesh, the sinful passions, which were aroused by the Law, were at work in the members of our body to bear fruit for death.
7:6 But now we have been released from the Law, having died to that by which we were bound, so that we serve in newness of the Spirit and not in oldness of the letter.
7:7 What shall we say then? Is the Law sin? May it never be! On the contrary, I would not have come to know sin except through the Law; for I would not have known about coveting if the Law had not said, “You shall not covet.”
7:8 But sin, taking opportunity through the commandment, produced in me coveting of every kind; for apart from the Law sin is dead.
7:9 I was once alive apart from the Law; but when the commandment came, sin became alive and I died;
7:10 and this commandment, which was to result in life, proved to result in death for me;
7:11 for sin, taking an opportunity through the commandment, deceived me and through it killed me.
7:12 So then, the Law is holy, and the commandment is holy and righteous and good.
7:13 Therefore did that which is good become a cause of death for me? May it never be! Rather it was sin, in order that it might be shown to be sin by effecting my death through that which is good, so that through the commandment sin would become utterly sinful.
7:14 For we know that the Law is spiritual, but I am of flesh, sold into bondage to sin.
7:15 For what I am doing, I do not understand; for I am not practicing what I would like to do, but I am doing the very thing I hate.
7:16 But if I do the very thing I do not want to do, I agree with the Law, confessing that the Law is good.
7:17 So now, no longer am I the one doing it, but sin which dwells in me.
7:18 For I know that nothing good dwells in me, that is, in my flesh; for the willing is present in me, but the doing of the good is not.
7:19 For the good that I want, I do not do, but I practice the very evil that I do not want.
7:20 But if I am doing the very thing I do not want, I am no longer the one doing it, but sin which dwells in me.
7:21 I find then the principle that evil is present in me, the one who wants to do good.
7:22 For I joyfully concur with the law of God in the inner man,
7:23 but I see a different law in the members of my body, waging war against the law of my mind and making me a prisoner of the law of sin which is in my members.
7:24 Wretched man that I am! Who will set me free from the body of this death?
7:25 Thanks be to God through Jesus Christ our Lord! So then, on the one hand I myself with my mind am serving the law of God, but on the other, with my flesh the law of sin.
8:1 Therefore there is now no condemnation for those who are in Christ Jesus.
8:2 For the law of the Spirit of life in Christ Jesus has set you free from the law of sin and of death.
8:3 For what the Law could not do, weak as it was through the flesh, God did: sending His own Son in the likeness of sinful flesh and as an offering for sin, He condemned sin in the flesh,
8:4 so that the requirement of the Law might be fulfilled in us, who do not walk according to the flesh but according to the Spirit.
8:5 For those who are according to the flesh set their minds on the things of the flesh, but those who are according to the Spirit, the things of the Spirit.
8:6 For the mind set on the flesh is death, but the mind set on the Spirit is life and peace,
8:7 because the mind set on the flesh is hostile toward God; for it does not subject itself to the law of God, for it is not even able to do so,
8:8 and those who are in the flesh cannot please God.
8:9 However, you are not in the flesh but in the Spirit, if indeed the Spirit of God dwells in you. But if anyone does not have the Spirit of Christ, he does not belong to Him.
8:10 If Christ is in you, though the body is dead because of sin, yet the spirit is alive because of righteousness.
8:11 But if the Spirit of Him who raised Jesus from the dead dwells in you, He who raised Christ Jesus from the dead will also give life to your mortal bodies through His Spirit who dwells in you.
8:12 So then, brethren, we are under obligation, not to the flesh, to live according to the flesh—
8:13 for if you are living according to the flesh, you must die; but if by the Spirit you are putting to death the deeds of the body, you will live.
8:14 For all who are being led by the Spirit of God, these are sons of God.
8:15 For you have not received a spirit of slavery leading to fear again, but you have received a spirit of adoption as sons by which we cry out, “Abba! Father!”
8:16 The Spirit Himself testifies with our spirit that we are children of God,
8:17 and if children, heirs also, heirs of God and fellow heirs with Christ, if indeed we suffer with Him so that we may also be glorified with Him.
8:18 For I consider that the sufferings of this present time are not worthy to be compared with the glory that is to be revealed to us.
8:19 For the anxious longing of the creation waits eagerly for the revealing of the sons of God.
8:20 For the creation was subjected to futility, not willingly, but because of Him who subjected it, in hope
8:21 that the creation itself also will be set free from its slavery to corruption into the freedom of the glory of the children of God.
8:22 For we know that the whole creation groans and suffers the pains of childbirth together until now.
8:23 And not only this, but also we ourselves, having the first fruits of the Spirit, even we ourselves groan within ourselves, waiting eagerly for our adoption as sons, the redemption of our body.
8:24 For in hope we have been saved, but hope that is seen is not hope; for who hopes for what he already sees?
8:25 But if we hope for what we do not see, with perseverance we wait eagerly for it.
8:26 In the same way the Spirit also helps our weakness; for we do not know how to pray as we should, but the Spirit Himself intercedes for us with groanings too deep for words;
8:27 and He who searches the hearts knows what the mind of the Spirit is, because He intercedes for the saints according to the will of God.
8:28 And we know that God causes all things to work together for good to those who love God, to those who are called according to His purpose.
8:29 For those whom He foreknew, He also predestined to become conformed to the image of His Son, so that He would be the firstborn among many brethren;
8:30 and these whom He predestined, He also called; and these whom He called, He also justified; and these whom He justified, He also glorified.
8:31 What then shall we say to these things? If God is for us, who is against us?
8:32 He who did not spare His own Son, but delivered Him over for us all, how will He not also with Him freely give us all things?
8:33 Who will bring a charge against Gods elect? God is the one who justifies;
8:34 who is the one who condemns? Christ Jesus is He who died, yes, rather who was raised, who is at the right hand of God, who also intercedes for us.
8:35 Who will separate us from the love of Christ? Will tribulation, or distress, or persecution, or famine, or nakedness, or peril, or sword?
8:36 Just as it is written, “For Your sake we are being put to death all day long; We were considered as sheep to be slaughtered.”
8:37 But in all these things we overwhelmingly conquer through Him who loved us.
8:38 For I am convinced that neither death, nor life, nor angels, nor principalities, nor things present, nor things to come, nor powers,
8:39 nor height, nor depth, nor any other created thing, will be able to separate us from the love of God, which is in Christ Jesus our Lord.
9:1 I am telling the truth in Christ, I am not lying, my conscience testifies with me in the Holy Spirit,
9:2 that I have great sorrow and unceasing grief in my heart.
9:3 For I could wish that I myself were accursed, separated from Christ for the sake of my brethren, my kinsmen according to the flesh,
9:4 who are Israelites, to whom belongs the adoption as sons, and the glory and the covenants and the giving of the Law and the temple service and the promises,
9:5 whose are the fathers, and from whom is the Christ according to the flesh, who is over all, God blessed forever. Amen.
9:6 But it is not as though the word of God has failed. For they are not all Israel who are descended from Israel;
9:7 nor are they all children because they are Abrahams descendants, but: “through Isaac your descendants will be named.”
9:8 That is, it is not the children of the flesh who are children of God, but the children of the promise are regarded as descendants.
9:9 For this is the word of promise: “At this time I will come, and Sarah shall have a son.”
9:10 And not only this, but there was Rebekah also, when she had conceived twins by one man, our father Isaac;
9:11 for though the twins were not yet born and had not done anything good or bad, so that Gods purpose according to His choice would stand, not because of works but because of Him who calls,
9:12 it was said to her, “The older will serve the younger.”
9:13 Just as it is written, “Jacob I loved, but Esau I hated.”
9:14 What shall we say then? There is no injustice with God, is there? May it never be!
9:15 For He says to Moses, “I will have mercy on whom I have mercy, and I will have compassion on whom I have compassion.”
9:16 So then it does not depend on the man who wills or the man who runs, but on God who has mercy.
9:17 For the Scripture says to Pharaoh, “For this very purpose I raised you up, to demonstrate My power in you, and that My name might be proclaimed throughout the whole earth.”
9:18 So then He has mercy on whom He desires, and He hardens whom He desires.
9:19 You will say to me then, “Why does He still find fault? For who resists His will?”
9:20 On the contrary, who are you, O man, who answers back to God? The thing molded will not say to the molder, “Why did you make me like this,” will it?
9:21 Or does not the potter have a right over the clay, to make from the same lump one vessel for honorable use and another for common use?
9:22 What if God, although willing to demonstrate His wrath and to make His power known, endured with much patience vessels of wrath prepared for destruction?
9:23 And He did so to make known the riches of His glory upon vessels of mercy, which He prepared beforehand for glory,
9:24 even us, whom He also called, not from among Jews only, but also from among Gentiles.
9:25 As He says also in Hosea, “I will call those who were not My people, My people, And her who was not beloved, beloved.’ ”
9:26 “And it shall be that in the place where it was said to them, you are not My people, There they shall be called sons of the living God.”
9:27 Isaiah cries out concerning Israel, “Though the number of the sons of Israel be like the sand of the sea, it is the remnant that will be saved;
9:28 for the Lord will execute His word on the earth, thoroughly and quickly.”
9:29 And just as Isaiah foretold, “Unless the Lord of Sabaoth had left to us a posterity, We would have become like Sodom, and would have resembled Gomorrah.”
9:30 What shall we say then? That Gentiles, who did not pursue righteousness, attained righteousness, even the righteousness which is by faith;
9:31 but Israel, pursuing a law of righteousness, did not arrive at that law.
9:32 Why? Because they did not pursue it by faith, but as though it were by works. They stumbled over the stumbling stone,
9:33 just as it is written, “Behold, I lay in Zion a stone of stumbling and a rock of offense, And he who believes in Him will not be disappointed.”
10:1 Brethren, my hearts desire and my prayer to God for them is for their salvation.
10:2 For I testify about them that they have a zeal for God, but not in accordance with knowledge.
10:3 For not knowing about Gods righteousness and seeking to establish their own, they did not subject themselves to the righteousness of God.
10:4 For Christ is the end of the law for righteousness to everyone who believes.
10:5 For Moses writes that the man who practices the righteousness which is based on law shall live by that righteousness.
10:6 But the righteousness based on faith speaks as follows: “Do not say in your heart, Who will ascend into heaven? (that is, to bring Christ down),
10:7 or Who will descend into the abyss? (that is, to bring Christ up from the dead).”
10:8 But what does it say? “The word is near you, in your mouth and in your heart”—that is, the word of faith which we are preaching,
10:9 that if you confess with your mouth Jesus as Lord, and believe in your heart that God raised Him from the dead, you will be saved;
10:10 for with the heart a person believes, resulting in righteousness, and with the mouth he confesses, resulting in salvation.
10:11 For the Scripture says, “Whoever believes in Him will not be disappointed.”
10:12 For there is no distinction between Jew and Greek; for the same Lord is Lord of all, abounding in riches for all who call on Him;
10:13 for “Whoever will call on the name of the Lord will be saved.”
10:14 How then will they call on Him in whom they have not believed? How will they believe in Him whom they have not heard? And how will they hear without a preacher?
10:15 How will they preach unless they are sent? Just as it is written, “How beautiful are the feet of those who bring good news of good things!”
10:16 However, they did not all heed the good news; for Isaiah says, “Lord, who has believed our report?”
10:17 So faith comes from hearing, and hearing by the word of Christ.
10:18 But I say, surely they have never heard, have they? Indeed they have; “Their voice has gone out into all the earth, And their words to the ends of the world.”
10:19 But I say, surely Israel did not know, did they? First Moses says, “I will make you jealous by that which is not a nation, By a nation without understanding will I anger you.”
10:20 And Isaiah is very bold and says, “I was found by those who did not seek Me, I became manifest to those who did not ask for Me.”
10:21 But as for Israel He says, “All the day long I have stretched out My hands to a disobedient and obstinate people.”
11:1 I say then, God has not rejected His people, has He? May it never be! For I too am an Israelite, a descendant of Abraham, of the tribe of Benjamin.
11:2 God has not rejected His people whom He foreknew. Or do you not know what the Scripture says in the passage about Elijah, how he pleads with God against Israel?
11:3 “Lord, they have killed Your prophets, they have torn down Your altars, and I alone am left, and they are seeking my life.”
11:4 But what is the divine response to him? “I have kept for Myself seven thousand men who have not bowed the knee to Baal.”
11:5 In the same way then, there has also come to be at the present time a remnant according to Gods gracious choice.
11:6 But if it is by grace, it is no longer on the basis of works, otherwise grace is no longer grace.
11:7 What then? What Israel is seeking, it has not obtained, but those who were chosen obtained it, and the rest were hardened;
11:8 just as it is written, “God gave them a spirit of stupor, Eyes to see not and ears to hear not, Down to this very day.”
11:9 And David says, “Let their table become a snare and a trap, And a stumbling block and a retribution to them.
11:10 “Let their eyes be darkened to see not, And bend their backs forever.”
11:11 I say then, they did not stumble so as to fall, did they? May it never be! But by their transgression salvation has come to the Gentiles, to make them jealous.
11:12 Now if their transgression is riches for the world and their failure is riches for the Gentiles, how much more will their fulfillment be!
11:13 But I am speaking to you who are Gentiles. Inasmuch then as I am an apostle of Gentiles, I magnify my ministry,
11:14 if somehow I might move to jealousy my fellow countrymen and save some of them.
11:15 For if their rejection is the reconciliation of the world, what will their acceptance be but life from the dead?
11:16 If the first piece of dough is holy, the lump is also; and if the root is holy, the branches are too.
11:17 But if some of the branches were broken off, and you, being a wild olive, were grafted in among them and became partaker with them of the rich root of the olive tree,
11:18 do not be arrogant toward the branches; but if you are arrogant, remember that it is not you who supports the root, but the root supports you.
11:19 You will say then, “Branches were broken off so that I might be grafted in.”
11:20 Quite right, they were broken off for their unbelief, but you stand by your faith. Do not be conceited, but fear;
11:21 for if God did not spare the natural branches, He will not spare you, either.
11:22 Behold then the kindness and severity of God; to those who fell, severity, but to you, Gods kindness, if you continue in His kindness; otherwise you also will be cut off.
11:23 And they also, if they do not continue in their unbelief, will be grafted in, for God is able to graft them in again.
11:24 For if you were cut off from what is by nature a wild olive tree, and were grafted contrary to nature into a cultivated olive tree, how much more will these who are the natural branches be grafted into their own olive tree?
11:25 For I do not want you, brethren, to be uninformed of this mystery—so that you will not be wise in your own estimation—that a partial hardening has happened to Israel until the fullness of the Gentiles has come in;
11:26 and so all Israel will be saved; just as it is written, “The Deliverer will come from Zion, He will remove ungodliness from Jacob.”
11:27 “This is My covenant with them, When I take away their sins.”
11:28 From the standpoint of the gospel they are enemies for your sake, but from the standpoint of Gods choice they are beloved for the sake of the fathers;
11:29 for the gifts and the calling of God are irrevocable.
11:30 For just as you once were disobedient to God, but now have been shown mercy because of their disobedience,
11:31 so these also now have been disobedient, that because of the mercy shown to you they also may now be shown mercy.
11:32 For God has shut up all in disobedience so that He may show mercy to all.
11:33 Oh, the depth of the riches both of the wisdom and knowledge of God! How unsearchable are His judgments and unfathomable His ways!
11:34 For who has known the mind of the Lord, or who became His counselor?
11:35 Or who has first given to Him that it might be paid back to him again?
11:36 For from Him and through Him and to Him are all things. To Him be the glory forever. Amen.
12:1 Therefore I urge you, brethren, by the mercies of God, to present your bodies a living and holy sacrifice, acceptable to God, which is your spiritual service of worship.
12:2 And do not be conformed to this world, but be transformed by the renewing of your mind, so that you may prove what the will of God is, that which is good and acceptable and perfect.
12:3 For through the grace given to me I say to everyone among you not to think more highly of himself than he ought to think; but to think so as to have sound judgment, as God has allotted to each a measure of faith.
12:4 For just as we have many members in one body and all the members do not have the same function,
12:5 so we, who are many, are one body in Christ, and individually members one of another.
12:6 Since we have gifts that differ according to the grace given to us, each of us is to exercise them accordingly: if prophecy, according to the proportion of his faith;
12:7 if service, in his serving; or he who teaches, in his teaching;
12:8 or he who exhorts, in his exhortation; he who gives, with liberality; he who leads, with diligence; he who shows mercy, with cheerfulness.
12:9 Let love be without hypocrisy. Abhor what is evil; cling to what is good.
12:10 Be devoted to one another in brotherly love; give preference to one another in honor;
12:11 not lagging behind in diligence, fervent in spirit, serving the Lord;
12:12 rejoicing in hope, persevering in tribulation, devoted to prayer,
12:13 contributing to the needs of the saints, practicing hospitality.
12:14 Bless those who persecute you; bless and do not curse.
12:15 Rejoice with those who rejoice, and weep with those who weep.
12:16 Be of the same mind toward one another; do not be haughty in mind, but associate with the lowly. Do not be wise in your own estimation.
12:17 Never pay back evil for evil to anyone. Respect what is right in the sight of all men.
12:18 If possible, so far as it depends on you, be at peace with all men.
12:19 Never take your own revenge, beloved, but leave room for the wrath of God, for it is written, “Vengeance is Mine, I will repay,” says the Lord.
12:20 “But if your enemy is hungry, feed him, and if he is thirsty, give him a drink; for in so doing you will heap burning coals on his head.”
12:21 Do not be overcome by evil, but overcome evil with good.
13:1 Every person is to be in subjection to the governing authorities. For there is no authority except from God, and those which exist are established by God.
13:2 Therefore whoever resists authority has opposed the ordinance of God; and they who have opposed will receive condemnation upon themselves.
13:3 For rulers are not a cause of fear for good behavior, but for evil. Do you want to have no fear of authority? Do what is good and you will have praise from the same;
13:4 for it is a minister of God to you for good. But if you do what is evil, be afraid; for it does not bear the sword for nothing; for it is a minister of God, an avenger who brings wrath on the one who practices evil.
13:5 Therefore it is necessary to be in subjection, not only because of wrath, but also for conscience sake.
13:6 For because of this you also pay taxes, for rulers are servants of God, devoting themselves to this very thing.
13:7 Render to all what is due them: tax to whom tax is due; custom to whom custom; fear to whom fear; honor to whom honor.
13:8 Owe nothing to anyone except to love one another; for he who loves his neighbor has fulfilled the law.
13:9 For this, “You shall not commit adultery, You shall not murder, You shall not steal, You shall not covet,” and if there is any other commandment, it is summed up in this saying, “You shall love your neighbor as yourself.”
13:10 Love does no wrong to a neighbor; therefore love is the fulfillment of the law.
13:11 Do this, knowing the time, that it is already the hour for you to awaken from sleep; for now salvation is nearer to us than when we believed.
13:12 The night is almost gone, and the day is near. Therefore let us lay aside the deeds of darkness and put on the armor of light.
13:13 Let us behave properly as in the day, not in carousing and drunkenness, not in sexual promiscuity and sensuality, not in strife and jealousy.
13:14 But put on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make no provision for the flesh in regard to its lusts.
14:1 Now accept the one who is weak in faith, but not for the purpose of passing judgment on his opinions.
14:2 One person has faith that he may eat all things, but he who is weak eats vegetables only.
14:3 The one who eats is not to regard with contempt the one who does not eat, and the one who does not eat is not to judge the one who eats, for God has accepted him.
14:4 Who are you to judge the servant of another? To his own master he stands or falls; and he will stand, for the Lord is able to make him stand.
14:5 One person regards one day above another, another regards every day alike. Each person must be fully convinced in his own mind.
14:6 He who observes the day, observes it for the Lord, and he who eats, does so for the Lord, for he gives thanks to God; and he who eats not, for the Lord he does not eat, and gives thanks to God.
14:7 For not one of us lives for himself, and not one dies for himself;
14:8 for if we live, we live for the Lord, or if we die, we die for the Lord; therefore whether we live or die, we are the Lords.
14:9 For to this end Christ died and lived again, that He might be Lord both of the dead and of the living.
14:10 But you, why do you judge your brother? Or you again, why do you regard your brother with contempt? For we will all stand before the judgment seat of God.
14:11 For it is written, “As I live, says the Lord, every knee shall bow to Me, And every tongue shall give praise to God.”
14:12 So then each one of us will give an account of himself to God.
14:13 Therefore let us not judge one another anymore, but rather determine this—not to put an obstacle or a stumbling block in a brothers way.
14:14 I know and am convinced in the Lord Jesus that nothing is unclean in itself; but to him who thinks anything to be unclean, to him it is unclean.
14:15 For if because of food your brother is hurt, you are no longer walking according to love. Do not destroy with your food him for whom Christ died.
14:16 Therefore do not let what is for you a good thing be spoken of as evil;
14:17 for the kingdom of God is not eating and drinking, but righteousness and peace and joy in the Holy Spirit.
14:18 For he who in this way serves Christ is acceptable to God and approved by men.
14:19 So then we pursue the things which make for peace and the building up of one another.
14:20 Do not tear down the work of God for the sake of food. All things indeed are clean, but they are evil for the man who eats and gives offense.
14:21 It is good not to eat meat or to drink wine, or to do anything by which your brother stumbles.
14:22 The faith which you have, have as your own conviction before God. Happy is he who does not condemn himself in what he approves.
14:23 But he who doubts is condemned if he eats, because his eating is not from faith; and whatever is not from faith is sin.
15:1 Now we who are strong ought to bear the weaknesses of those without strength and not just please ourselves.
15:2 Each of us is to please his neighbor for his good, to his edification.
15:3 For even Christ did not please Himself; but as it is written, “The reproaches of those who reproached You fell on Me.”
15:4 For whatever was written in earlier times was written for our instruction, so that through perseverance and the encouragement of the Scriptures we might have hope.
15:5 Now may the God who gives perseverance and encouragement grant you to be of the same mind with one another according to Christ Jesus,
15:6 so that with one accord you may with one voice glorify the God and Father of our Lord Jesus Christ.
15:7 Therefore, accept one another, just as Christ also accepted us to the glory of God.
15:8 For I say that Christ has become a servant to the circumcision on behalf of the truth of God to confirm the promises given to the fathers,
15:9 and for the Gentiles to glorify God for His mercy; as it is written, “Therefore I will give praise to You among the Gentiles, And I will sing to Your name.”
15:10 Again he says, “Rejoice, O Gentiles, with His people.”
15:11 And again, “Praise the Lord all you Gentiles, And let all the peoples praise Him.”
15:12 Again Isaiah says, “There shall come the root of Jesse, And He who arises to rule over the Gentiles, In Him shall the Gentiles hope.”
15:13 Now may the God of hope fill you with all joy and peace in believing, so that you will abound in hope by the power of the Holy Spirit.
15:14 And concerning you, my brethren, I myself also am convinced that you yourselves are full of goodness, filled with all knowledge and able also to admonish one another.
15:15 But I have written very boldly to you on some points so as to remind you again, because of the grace that was given me from God,
15:16 to be a minister of Christ Jesus to the Gentiles, ministering as a priest the gospel of God, so that my offering of the Gentiles may become acceptable, sanctified by the Holy Spirit.
15:17 Therefore in Christ Jesus I have found reason for boasting in things pertaining to God.
15:18 For I will not presume to speak of anything except what Christ has accomplished through me, resulting in the obedience of the Gentiles by word and deed,
15:19 in the power of signs and wonders, in the power of the Spirit; so that from Jerusalem and round about as far as Illyricum I have fully preached the gospel of Christ.
15:20 And thus I aspired to preach the gospel, not where Christ was already named, so that I would not build on another mans foundation;
15:21 but as it is written, “They who had no news of Him shall see, And they who have not heard shall understand.”
15:22 For this reason I have often been prevented from coming to you;
15:23 but now, with no further place for me in these regions, and since I have had for many years a longing to come to you
15:24 whenever I go to Spain—for I hope to see you in passing, and to be helped on my way there by you, when I have first enjoyed your company for a while—
15:25 but now, I am going to Jerusalem serving the saints.
15:26 For Macedonia and Achaia have been pleased to make a contribution for the poor among the saints in Jerusalem.
15:27 Yes, they were pleased to do so, and they are indebted to them. For if the Gentiles have shared in their spiritual things, they are indebted to minister to them also in material things.
15:28 Therefore, when I have finished this, and have put my seal on this fruit of theirs, I will go on by way of you to Spain.
15:29 I know that when I come to you, I will come in the fullness of the blessing of Christ.
15:30 Now I urge you, brethren, by our Lord Jesus Christ and by the love of the Spirit, to strive together with me in your prayers to God for me,
15:31 that I may be rescued from those who are disobedient in Judea, and that my service for Jerusalem may prove acceptable to the saints;
15:32 so that I may come to you in joy by the will of God and find refreshing rest in your company.
15:33 Now the God of peace be with you all. Amen.
16:1 I commend to you our sister Phoebe, who is a servant of the church which is at Cenchrea;
16:2 that you receive her in the Lord in a manner worthy of the saints, and that you help her in whatever matter she may have need of you; for she herself has also been a helper of many, and of myself as well.
16:3 Greet Prisca and Aquila, my fellow workers in Christ Jesus,
16:4 who for my life risked their own necks, to whom not only do I give thanks, but also all the churches of the Gentiles;
16:5 also greet the church that is in their house. Greet Epaenetus, my beloved, who is the first convert to Christ from Asia.
16:6 Greet Mary, who has worked hard for you.
16:7 Greet Andronicus and Junias, my kinsmen and my fellow prisoners, who are outstanding among the apostles, who also were in Christ before me.
16:8 Greet Ampliatus, my beloved in the Lord.
16:9 Greet Urbanus, our fellow worker in Christ, and Stachys my beloved.
16:10 Greet Apelles, the approved in Christ. Greet those who are of the household of Aristobulus.
16:11 Greet Herodion, my kinsman. Greet those of the household of Narcissus, who are in the Lord.
16:12 Greet Tryphaena and Tryphosa, workers in the Lord. Greet Persis the beloved, who has worked hard in the Lord.
16:13 Greet Rufus, a choice man in the Lord, also his mother and mine.
16:14 Greet Asyncritus, Phlegon, Hermes, Patrobas, Hermas and the brethren with them.
16:15 Greet Philologus and Julia, Nereus and his sister, and Olympas, and all the saints who are with them.
16:16 Greet one another with a holy kiss. All the churches of Christ greet you.
16:17 Now I urge you, brethren, keep your eye on those who cause dissensions and hindrances contrary to the teaching which you learned, and turn away from them.
16:18 For such men are slaves, not of our Lord Christ but of their own appetites; and by their smooth and flattering speech they deceive the hearts of the unsuspecting.
16:19 For the report of your obedience has reached to all; therefore I am rejoicing over you, but I want you to be wise in what is good and innocent in what is evil.
16:20 The God of peace will soon crush Satan under your feet. The grace of our Lord Jesus be with you.
16:21 Timothy my fellow worker greets you, and so do Lucius and Jason and Sosipater, my kinsmen.
16:22 I, Tertius, who write this letter, greet you in the Lord.
16:23 Gaius, host to me and to the whole church, greets you. Erastus, the city treasurer greets you, and Quartus, the brother.
16:24 The grace of our Lord Jesus Christ be with you all. Amen.
16:25 Now to Him who is able to establish you according to my gospel and the preaching of Jesus Christ, according to the revelation of the mystery which has been kept secret for long ages past,
16:26 but now is manifested, and by the Scriptures of the prophets, according to the commandment of the eternal God, has been made known to all the nations, leading to obedience of faith;
16:27 to the only wise God, through Jesus Christ, be the glory forever. Amen.

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# Devotion 1 - Galatians 6:1-6
1. Context
1. Paul writing to the Galatian churches to counter influence of Judaizers
2. Last section of the book, Paul defending freedom of the gospel of justification by faith
3. Just described fruits of the Spirit--the power of walking by the Spirit
2. Be Humble
1. In dealing with sin (weakness of others), v1
1. Such a picture of the difference between walking by the Spirit and walking under the Law
2. Caught: catch unawares (not looking for it)
3. Restore: mend a broken bone
4. Watch ourselves: we're weak too
5. More generally: dealing with the weaknesses of others
2. In bearing one another's burdens, v2
1. In contrast to legalist: bury others under the law to look more righteous by comparison
2. Under the Spirit: bear each other up by carrying each others burdens together
3. In our view of ourselves, v3
1. Humble: "not proud or haughty: not arrogant or assertive"
2. Proud: "having or displaying excessive self-esteem"
3. Arrogant: "exaggerating or disposed to exaggerate one's own worth or importance often by an overbearing manner"
4. Humility: having the _right_ view of yourself, not exagerrated
5. NLT: "If you think you are too important to help someone, you are only fooling yourself. You are not that important."
4. In examining works, v4-5
1. We examine our OWN works
2. Bear his own load? Be accountable for our own works
5. Summary j
# Devotion 2 - Galatians 6:6-10
1. Do good…to your teachers
1. Paul teaching them to value their teachers
2. Application: what you're doing here is worthy of reward in the Lord's eyes
2. Do good…to reap eternal life
1. John 17:3
2. 1 John 1:2
3. We can experience some aspect of eternal life now through:
1. Knowing God
2. Growing in following Christ
4. Application
1. Teaching here (devotions, messages, etc)
2. Mostly character development, develop the qualities of Christ
3. Do good…with perseverance
1. Keeping up this mindset is hard!
2. The reaping is in God's time, but the promise is there
3. Maybe not on earth?
4. Do good…with a sense of urgency and priority
1. Won't always have time to do these things
1. Christ is coming back
2. We may not always have freedom to run camps
3. We won't always know these kids
# Devotion 3 - Galatians 6:11-16
Be honest
1. Be honest…in your outward appearance, even if it means persecution
1. Jews causing the persecution (who else would stop persecution after they adopted the law?)
2. Believers are doing this false teaching (why else would be escaping persecution for Christ's sake?)
2. When we are not being honest
1. It's hypocrisy
2. Boasting in flesh
3. What we can boast in - Christ
1. No differences based on outward appearance anymore
2. It is the inward, new creation that matters

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# Monday, 8/6/2018
Working ahead on verses is OK. Say them in order, say regular verses before bonus.
Can borrow a Bible, want these kids to want a Bible at the end of camp.
50% chance of rain today.
Isaac and Joe (Pine)
- Rough night with boys staying up late
- All have at least some Bible knowledge
- Some vague survey answers--right, but maybe not a deep understanding?
- Colby - wants to hang out with other Christians most at camp, Isaac shared gospel last year, 12 years old. Saved last year? Brody is his brother.
- Third year for Brody, second year for Colby. Have a lot of friends here this week.
Jon and Josiah (Oak)
- All go to church
- A lot are young, struggling with filling out survey
- Zach: Jesus is Father, Son and Holy Spirit--might need some explaining
- Josiah Eisenberger - last year he thought was lost, no other notes from last year that he was clear on this
Anna and Leah (Maple)
- Brooke - a handful, argues with everything, doesn't want to do anything, wants to know when we're going to end everything. Dad is an atheist, has rejected "untrue" Bible. Mom is not this way. Told Joel at parent-teacher meetings that Brooke has a lot of questions, has a seeking heart, but she definitely marches to a different beat!
- Half of girls are pretty solid, other half were baptism and good works.
- Maddie, professed salvation last year, had good survey answers
- Daisy is here, late arrival
Jackie and Julie (Birch)
- Almost all put down "believing in Christ" for "how to get to heaven"
- Dana, Tessa put down other answers -- good works, going to church
- Kaitlyn - never been away from parents this long, hard time sleeping
One more kid coming today, one more Tuesday. No cancellations yet!
# Tuesday, 8/7/2018
Tonight is hat night at supper. Remind Nathan to announce. Archery class cancelled. Only two registered. McKenna to art class, Brody to sports class.
Jon and Josiah (Oak)
- Three guys not sure about relationship with God: Zach, Kael, Brody. Asked what is not right, they were not sure.
- Jackson had conversation with Phil, wants to talk more today
- Zach wants to talk more to Phil too, has not been open to spiritual talks in previous years
- Caleb, wanted to get saved after last night's message, talked to Phil but didn't have much of a conversation with him.
Joe and Isaac (Pine)
- Jackson affected by message last night--afraid of dying, not sure if saved, thinks he was but wonders if he's doubting. His mom told him he got saved when he was 4. Still wants to talk to Phil today.
- Devotions went well, actively listening
Leah and Anna (Maple)
- Sophia confused about "the Rock" song, went through Matt 7:24 about building on the rock or sand
- Brooke, "why is he making lamb's death so dramatic?"
- Leighanna thought she got saved when 4
- Madeline thinking about things during messages
Jackie and Julie (Birch)
- Tammy talked to Ellie last night before dinner
- From Christian home
- Prayed when she was 4 and 6
- Kendra asked about assurance of salvation, never had 1 on 1 at SBL, wants one with Jackie today
# Wednesday, 8/8/2018
Ask for help if you're getting overwhelmed. Be gracious with kids who are trying and still struggling with verses.
Laney getting a visit from mom at free time for about 15 minutes.
Crazy dress-up night for dinner.
Campers need to go to nature center with a staff member.
Leah and Anna (Maple)
- Leah gave testimony, all listening.
- Leah travelling tonight
- 3 or 4 girls through entire verse card
Jackie and Julie (Birch)
- Not too much for devotions last night--trying to get to bed
- Some tension between them starting to build
Joe and Isaac (Pine)
- Isaac did devotions, struggling in thinking about what to say. Jackson saying he was saved yesterday. Ethan professed salvation. Colby thinks he's saved. Nate Mason says he's saved. Others say they are saved.
- Josh very attentive during meeting. Hasn't met with Phil again since or talked to Isaac. Pray he would open.
- Ethan came with Zach and Jackson. Ethan made profession of faith. Ethan professed salvation last year on the last day of camp. Is there an issue of security?
- Another boy (not sure who) wanted to talk with him, maybe Isaiah
Jon and Josiah (Oak)
- Some sort of urgency with Kael? Went to bed reading Revelation. Wanted to know what hell was like. Radio turns off around other boys--he stops thinking about spiritual things.
- Titus is leaving today.
- Zach came in and talked with Phil--not saved. Shared John 3:18 with him.
# Thursday, 8/9/2018
Tonight is dress-like-a-friend dinner. 1-on-1s during work time today--try to get a layer deeper.
Group picture today, announced at lunch.
Leah and Anna (Maple)
- Leah talked with Maddie and Sophia, listened to Leah, mini devotion
- Anna shared testimony (related to Saul's conversion that Joel spoke on), girls wanted to share their testimony
- Daisy, aunt told her about breaking more than 2 commandments which is sin and she has to ask to be forgiven. Anna tried to share some verses with her on that
- Leighanna, saved when 4, didn't want to die and mom did a "repeat after me" thing
- Maddie, said last year she was saved, had right testimony, ended with "I think I'm saved"
- Brooke told Joel she got saved two days ago, but it was very unclear
- Tammy spoke with Eleanore, wanted to come talk to Tammy but didn't come, had nice visit though, not too deep
- McKenna, wrote her testimony out and wants to share it tomorrow
Jackie and Julie (Birch)
- Good talk with Kendra, asked about assurance, didn't want 1-on-1 because she's saved
- Brooklynn not trying very hard
- Tessa and Caitlyn talked to Tammy, good talk but attitude of girls was a little flippant
Joe and Isaac (Pine)
- Good night with devotions
- Jackson, has made profession of faith, gospel is clear, still concerned and worried, Joey talked to him about anchor verses
- Isaiah, talked with Phil last night, solid in faith, but nothing to stand on Scripture-wise. Gave him 1 John, circled some verses
- Will wants to learn, has lots of questions, talking about coming 2nd temple
- Josh still wants to talk with Phil, was feeling sick yesterday
Jon and Josiah (Oak)
- Caleb DeSantell, very confused, Josiah not sure where to go with him
- Carter, sure he's saved, wants to learn to be a witness, worried about Caleb, talked with him about Philip and how he was a good witness
- Noah Hunt, reading through New Testament on his own initiative
# Friday, 8/10/2018
Last opportunity for one-on-ones. Finish point tallying, write notes to campers.
Parents coming to 6:15 meeting tonight, need to make room in observatory.
Sheers are leaving after Bible lesson: Leon, Eleonore, Theodore.
Leah and Anna (Maple)
- Leah - talked to Laney and Joy, questions about assurance. Laney more open. Thinks she is saved. Joy, need 1-on-1 without Laney.
- Devotions - answered some questions from night before.
- McKenna gave testimony that she had written the night before. Got saved this week. Asking lots of questions. What heaven is like, what hell is like?
- Daisy wanted to share testimony again -- was a lot of repetition of what McKenna said.
Jackie and Julie (Birch)
- Juli - talked with Brooklyn outside for a long time. Talked about a lot of things, says she is 100% saved. She is very confused and disruptive.
- Jackie - Tessa talked to Tammy, flippant, doesn't seem to matter much. As they talked she got more serious. Could be thinking more about whether she is saved or not.
- Moriah and Grace went and talked to Tammy - Moriah came back and looked up verses that Tammy had given her. Both made professions with Tammy. Moriah was upfront with not being ready.
Joe and Isaac (Pine)
- Isaac did devotion based on Phil's message of two lamps
- Nate Mason - not much desire for the Bible after camp last year, usually assured from Scripture, prone to have fearful thoughts, but is comforted by Scripture.
- Joe - talk with Jackson, convinced that the did get saved at camp, not doubting anymore, wants to go home to share the gospel with friends.
Jon and Josiah (Oak)
- Good night, good devotions, questions about eternal security
- Zach, why didn't God destroy Satan right away?
- Three thought they could lose their salvation
- Josiah had 1-on-1 with Kael, didn't think blood was applied to his heart, by end of talk he thought he was saved, Wednesday night he told God he was sorry for sin, he is asking and seeking.
# Saturday, 8/11/2018
Next year, week of July 15th. Everyone welcome to return!
10am game while kids can be pulled in to get their prizes in order.
Daisy leaving at 9:30 today.
Kael, Colby and Brody have to leave to pick up somebody, but not until 11:30.
Latest, need points sheets by 10am.
Turn off AC after everyone is out of cabins/lodges.
Front table in main lodge is the lost-and-found table.
Suggestions for improvement are welcome.
Prayer request:
- Good News Club, more outside kids came, going back to it, lots of kids from 4th grade last year did not join Good News Club in 5th grade. Pray for kids to come back.
- Josiah Isenberger, a bit unclear on his testimony, says he was saved last year with Tom.
- Vanessa shared testimony last night, sounded like confirmation was her salvation. Just received first holy communion. Lots of family problems, dad left, was crying while telling her story.
- McKenna, shared testimony with Joel and Phil, seemed solid. Doesn't know where she goes to church?
- Jackson's testimony sounded solid at testimony
- Follow-up for all kids, will the Lord open the door for another camp for older kids?
- Tessa was really crying during Tammy's testimony at campfire and talked to Juli. Has abuse in family, her and Brooklyn sexually abused by grandpa. Says she was saved, referenced talking to Tammy, very clear about it--the cross.
- Brooke Sly's parents, there for part of the meeting last night.

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Theme: Character of God
Ideas
1. Gentleness of God
2. Kindness of God
3. Holiness of God
God is…
1. …not a man, Num. 23:19
2. …a consuming fire, Deut. 4:24
3. …a compassionate God, Deut. 4:31
4. …the God of gods, Deut. 10:17
5. …gracious and compassionate, 2 Chron. 30:9
6. …a righteous judge, Ps. 7:11
7. …our refuge and strength, Ps. 46:1
8. …my helper, Ps. 54:4
9. …a sun and shield, Ps. 84:11
10. …faithful, 1 Cor. 1:9
11. …opposed to the proud, James 4:6
12. …light, 1 John 1:5
13. …love, 1 John 4:8
# Devotion 1: God is light - 1 John 1:5
I want to read a very interesting little verse to you all from a letter by the apostle John. It's in 1 John, chapter 1, verse 5. Here's what it says:
**1 John 1:5**
**5** This is the message we have heard from Him and announce to you, that God is Light, and in Him there is no darkness at all.
What does this mean?
We shouldn't look up at the light shining from the sun, or a lamp and say, "Ahhhh, it's God!" No, that's not what John is saying at all. In fact, way back in Genesis, the Bible says God created the light in the first place. So, the light can't be God. That's not what John is trying to say.
John is using something called a metaphor to help us understand what God is like. For example, if I said, "That Aaron Rodgers, he's a beast on the football field!" You wouldn't really think that I meant that Aaron Rodgers has four legs, a tail and a big fangs! But, you'd probably know that I just meant he was quick and aggressive and strong--just like you might think of some kind of beast. That would be a metaphor to help you understand what Aaron Rodgers is like.
So, what is John trying to say about God when he uses this metaphor, "God is light"?
Well, I don't know if you knew this, but did you know that without light we wouldn't know what anything at all ever looked like? That's right. Light shoots out from the sun, or a flashlight or a lamp and bounces of off things (like that chair) and flies right into your eyeballs so you can see what things look like! Just think if that didn't happen--if you couldn't see anything. You would be constantly running into things, stubbing your toes, tripping over stuff--it would be terribly painful. But more than that, you'd never know how pretty things are--you wouldn't know what colors look like or how wonder the sky looks during a sunset, or how beautiful the clouds can be. You wouldn't be able to hit a baseball or shoot a basket or catch a football or paint or draw or build anything.
Light makes so many wonderful things possible because it shows us where things are and what things look like.
And that's why I think John is comparing God to light. God is like light in that the more we get to know who God is, the more we know about what the world really looks like, the more we know how wonderful it is, the more we know what's good and what's bad, what's beautiful and what's ugly.
If you pay close attention this week, you're going to be learning a lot of things about God. Each little bit more you learn about God is like opening your eyes a little wider to let a little more light in to see the world how it really is.
If you listen closely this week, you'll see very clearly how wonderful God really is. But you'll also see how much you and I need to be saved by God. You ignore this truth if you want, but that would be like keeping your eyes tightly shut and stumbling around in the darkness. "God is light"--let's open our eyes and see things the way God wants us to!
# Devotion 2: God is love - 1 John 4:8
Do you remember how I talked about a little verse that apostle John wrote in one of his letters about how God is light? Well, I found another very interesting little verse in the same letter. Here it is. It's in 1 John, chapter 4, verse 8:
**1 John 4:8**
**8** The one who does not love does not know God, for God is love.
There's another metaphor, like we talked about way back on Monday. Now John is saying that God is love. When John said "God is light", it seems like he was trying to tell us something about God by comparing Him to light. So what is John saying this time?
There's a lot of talk out there about love, isn't there? We've all read a book or seen a movie or a TV show where somebody falls in love with someone else. Maybe you've even had someone try to tell you what love really is. "Real love", they say, is "doing this" or "saying that" or "feeling another thing".
We all want to be loved, don't we? I think so. So, should we believe all these things we hear about what love is and try to go find them?
Well, here's what God says about love: "Greater love has no one than this, that one lay down his life for his friends". Do you know what it means to lay down your life? It means you'd be ready to even die to save someone else. God says, there is no greater love that kind of love.
Did you know that's exactly the kind of love that Jesus has for you? He died on the cross to save you because He loves you.
That's what John means with this metaphor. If we want to know what it truly means to be loved and if we want to know what love really looks like, we only need to look at what God has done for us.
You can choose to ignore that love, if you want. But if you do, you're missing out on experiencing the greatest love that has ever been shown to any man--the love of God for you.
# Devotion 3: God is opposed to the proud - James 4:6
**James 4:68**
**6** But He gives a greater grace. Therefore _it_ says, “God is opposed to the proud, but gives grace to the humble.”
**7** Submit therefore to God. Resist the devil and he will flee from you.
**8** Draw near to God and He will draw near to you. Cleanse your hands, you sinners; and purify your hearts, you double-minded.
This verse really says something about whose side God is on. It says that God is against those who are proud. He's on the side of those who are humble.
So what does it mean to be proud? Is it possible that you are proud? You might think of someone who is proud as someone with their nose up in the air. They think really highly of themselves--they're the best at everything and they "know" it.
How do you think someone who is proud would react when God tells them that they are not the best, they are not even almost the best, but they are sinners who need a savior? I guess they probably wouldn't believe it, would they?
You can leave camp today being proud or being humble. Depending on how you leave, God will either be opposed to you or be giving grace to you. I plead with you to go in humility, having trusted Christ as your savior, abandoning your pride, receiving grace from the Father.

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Saved when I was 5 years old
Maybe some of you from Christian homes feel the same way.
…verse…

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- [ ] Become life guard certified

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* Speaker this Sunday Charlie Fizer
* Speaker next Sunday Nick Weaver
* There will be a potluck meal downstairs immediately following this meeting.
* Pathways kids club will meet on Wednesday evening starting at 5:30. Contact Grayson or Amy Price for details
* The Wednesday night prayer meeting will be at the chapel starting at 7:00. It will be available over Zoom.
* There will be a Christmas party at the Steve Price home on Friday, December 2 starting at 7:00.
* There will be a Christmas concert and cookies outreach at the chapel on Sunday evening, December 11. Contact Travis or Joanna Robertson for details.
* If you would like to review the new Anthem Song Book for possible use
by the chapel, contact Ken Keane.
- No young peoples bible study today

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- [ ] * Speaker this Sunday Nick Weaver * Speaker next Sunday Steve Price * Pathways kids club will not meet this Wednesday evening, 11/23. Pathways kids club will resume on 11/30. * The Wednesday night prayer meeting will be Zoom only this week starting at 7:00. There will not be a prayer meeting at the chapel building.. * There will be a Christmas party at the Steve Price home on Friday, December 2 starting at 7:00. * There will be a Christmas concert and cookies outreach at the chapel on Sunday evening, December 11. Contact Travis or Joanna Robertson for details. * If you would like to review the new Anthem Song Book for possible use by the chapel, contact Ken Keane.
- [ ] Mens breakfast, doing yard cleanup too
- [ ] Christmas program at the chapel on 18th, planning roles, Id you know youre not going to be here, let Anne-Marie or tisara know
- [ ] Jan 8th potluck, after will pack homeless kits, all invited to pack them and contribute, will have list of stuff you can supply

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- Speaker this Sunday Pete Youngberg
- Speaker next Sunday Charlie Fizer
- There will be a potluck meal at the chapel next Sunday, November 13. Contact Anna Bouchie for details.
- Pathways kids club will meet on Wednesday evening starting at 5:30. Contact Grayson or Amy Price for details. Call on Grayson for additional announcement
- The Wednesday night prayer meeting will be at the chapel starting at 7:00. It will be available over Zoom.
- There will be a mens meeting this Thursday, November 10, starting at 7:00. Zoom only.
- Next mens breakfast on December 3rd
- A CMML Youth Challenge is planned at the chapel on Friday evening, November 11. Contact Travis Robertson or Ken Keane for details.
- If you would like to review the new Anthem Song Book for possible use by the chapel, contact Ken Keane.
- Cards for Antonio on the foyer table
- Womens prayer partners, new this week, drop or join let Anne Marie know
- Womens retreat, March 31st-April 2nd, sign up in new year, flyer to come

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- Speaker this Sunday Carl Holden
- Speaker next Sunday Alfred Lutengya
- Ken Keane, melanoma surgery moved to Friday
- Cancelled! Young Peoples Bible Study at the Bouchies this evening. Still Come at 4:00 for games and a cook out!. Check with Steve or Anna Bouchie for details.
- The Wednesday night prayer meeting will be at the chapel starting at 7:00. It will be available over Zoom. Our special speaker will be Ibrahim from Jordan. There will be a chapel pot luck dinner before the meeting starting at 6:00. Contact Anna Bouchie for details.
- Next Sunday there will be a recognition of graduates between meetings.
- Luke Wortman: Tuesday may 24th, 7pm, young people, guys from Galilee program with instruments, hymn and worship night, at the chapel
- Todd Ericson has announcement

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- [ ] Kosei speaking today
- [ ] Alfred speaking next week
- [ ] Prayer meeting Wed.@7pm, zoom only
- [ ] Mens business meeting, Thurs.@7pm all men welcome, zoom only
- [ ] Calendars still available?
- [ ] Mercy Samuel Tuesday night, leaving India
- [ ] Milly Bouchie is 11 today
- [ ] Gus and Tina expecting
- [ ] Chris and Lydia expecting

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- [ ] Alfred speaking today
- [ ] Steve Robertson speaking next week
- [ ] Prayer meeting Wed.@7pm, zoom only

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- [ ] * Speaker this Sunday Steve Price
- [ ] * There will be a Christmas concert and cookies outreach at the chapel tonight starting at 7:00 pm. Contact Travis or Joanna Robertson for details.park in the back if you can to leave room for guests
- [ ] * There will not be a young peoples Bible Study tonight. The study will resume after the first of the year.
- [ ] * Pathways kids club will have its final meeting of the year this Wednesday starting at 5:30. Contact Grayson or Amy Price for details.
- [ ] * The Wednesday night prayer meeting will be at the chapel this Wednesday starting at 7:00. It will be available over Zoom. Steve Price will speak.
- [ ] * There will be a Christmas program at the chapel next Sunday morning, December 18, during the family Bible Hour time. Contact Mathew Joy or Anne-Marie Gaynier for details.
- [ ] * A traditional potluck meal will follow the Christmas program next Sunday. Contact An Bouchie for details.
- [ ] * The next Discipleship Weekend will be on Saturday, January 28, with John Heller and Steve Price.
- [ ] * If you would like to review the new Anthem Song Hymnal for possible use by the chapel, contact Ken Keane.
- [ ] * If you would be interested in serving on a chapel safety committee, contact Todd Ericson.

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- There will be a Christmas program today during the Family Bible Hour time.
- There will be a traditional potluck meal downstairs immediately following todays Christmas program..
- There will not be a young peoples Bible Study tonight. The study will resume after the first of the year.
- There will not be a Pathways kids club this week. The club will resume after the first of the year.
- Next Sunday (Christmas day) there will be a Lords Supper meeting at the chapel starting at 9:00. No other meetings are planned for next Sunday. The Lords Supper meeting will be available over Zoom.
- The next Discipleship Weekend will be on Saturday, January 28, with John Heller and Steve Price.
- If you would like to review the new Anthem Song Hymnal for possible use by the chapel, contact Ken Keane.
- If you would be interested in serving on a chapel safety committee, contact Pete Youngberg.
- Pete: announcement about next Wednesday evening.

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- [ ] The speaker for today is Steve Price.
- [ ] The speaker next Sunday will be Steve Price.
- [ ] The weekly prayer meeting will be at the chapel this Wednesday starting at 7:00. It will be available over Zoom.
- [ ] Steve Robertson's Memorial Service will be held at the chapel next Sunday, December 31st, at 1:30, after a potluck lunch. There will be a dessert buffet after the service. Sign-up sheet for potluck is on the back door.
- [ ] Discipleship weekend with John Heller will be Saturday, Jan 27.
- [ ] The chapel will host a spring conference with David Dunlap, March 12-17 (Wed-Sun). Details later.
- [ ] Middle school and 1st & 2nd grade will be upstairs
- [ ] Calendars in the back

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- The speaker for today is Steve Price.
- The speaker next Sunday will be Sam Pinto.
- Steve Robertson's Memorial Service will be held at the chapel today following this meeting. There will be a potluck lunch downstairs, followed by the service at 1:30.  Then there will be a dessert buffet after the service.
- The weekly prayer meeting will be at the chapel this Wednesday starting at 7:00.  It will be available over Zoom.
- The monthly mens breakfast will be held at the chapel this Saturday, January 6, starting at 8:00. Contact Brandon Stafford or Todd Ericson for details.
- Discipleship weekend with John Heller will be Saturday, Jan 27.
- The chapel will host a spring conference with David Dunlap, March 12-17 (Wed-Sun). Details later.

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- [ ] Steve Robertson speaks today.
- [ ] John Heller speaks next Sunday.
- [ ] Prayer meeting, Wed. @ 7:00 and is Zoom only.
- [ ] Weekly meetings for Junior High and Senior High will start on Friday, February 5 at 7:00. The meetings will be over Zoom. Contact Todd Ericson or Kevin Hoesch for details. More information will be sent out later.
- [ ] Travis and Joanna engaged and wedding on 4/3/21

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* Speaker this Sunday Steve Price
* Speaker next Sunday Steve Price
* young peoples Bible Study Sunday night.today is last one of the year.
* Pathways kids club will meet this Wednesday starting at 5:30. Contact Grayson or Amy Price for details.
* The Wednesday night prayer meeting will be at the chapel this Wednesday starting at 7:00. It will be available over Zoom. Steve Price will speak.
* The monthly mens business meeting will be this Thursday, December 8. Zoom only.
* There will be a Christmas concert and cookies outreach at the chapel on Sunday evening, December 11, starting at 7:00 pm. Contact Travis or Joanna Robertson for details.
* There will be a Christmas program at the chapel on Sunday morning, December 18, during the family Bible Hour time. Contact Mathew Joy or Anne-Marie Gaynier for details.
* The next Discipleship Weekend will be on Saturday, January 28, with John Heller and Steve Price.
* If you would like to review the new Anthem Song Hymnal for possible use by the chapel, contact Ken Keane.
- John and Gheta traveling for the next four weeks, one in Phoenix, three in India
- Calendars from Ken Keane available in the back

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- [ ] John Heller will be the speaker tomorrow.
- [ ] Nick Weaver will speak next Sunday.
- [ ] The Wednesday evening prayer meeting will start at 7:00, Zoom only.
- [ ] The weekly junior high and high school "Sunday School" will meet over Zoom starting at 8:00 pm this Friday. Contact Todd Ericson or Kevin Hoesch for details.
Sat. 9pm Wendy schultz, ladies' meeting

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- [ ] Sam Pinto speaking this week
- [ ] Prayer meeting, no in person meeting
- [ ] Kosei Miwata speaking next week
- [ ] Calendars available at the back of the chapel
- [ ] Travis and Joanna engaged
- [ ] Bridal shower on sat. 1/9 for Caroline Stange

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- Speaker this Sunday Ben Ramey
- Speaker next Sunday Nick Weaver
- The Wednesday night prayer meeting will be at the chapel starting at 7:00. It will be available over Zoom.
- This months mens business meeting will be this Thursday, July 21, starting at 7:00 pm. Zoom only.
- Kent & Jenny Schaefer, going back to Mozambique, paperwork needed, tickets for Sept 4th
- Game night at chapel on 30th, 6:30pm, bring snacks, board games, might be water games

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- [ ] The speaker this Sunday is Mark Lightfoot. Because of travel road conditions he will be joining us today by Zoom.
- [ ] The speaker next Sunday will be Ben Ramey.
- [ ] The young people's Bible study will continue this Sunday evening starting at 6:45. It will be at Steve and Janet Price's house.
- [ ] The Wednesday prayer meeting this week will start at 7:00. Zoom only.
- [ ] The Jr/Sr High Sunday School meeting will be on Friday starting at 8:pm. Zoom only.

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- [ ] The speaker this Sunday is Steve Price.
- [ ] Next Sunday the speaker will be Sam Pinto.
- [ ] The Young People's Bible Study will be tonight at the Steve Price home starting at 6:45. It will be available over Zoom.
- [ ] The Wednesday evening prayer meeting at the chapel will start at 7:00. The speaker will be Kent Schafer from Mozambique. Nate Bramsen will also be at the meeting.The meeting will also be available over Zoom.
- [ ] The Jr/Sr High Sunday School class will be on Friday starting at 8:00 over Zoom.

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